HS code · 6-digit subheading
HS Code 8459.51 – Machine-tools; for milling by removing metal, knee-type, numerically controlled
HS code 8459.51 is the 6-digit subheading for machine-tools, for milling by removing metal, knee-type, numerically controlled. It is used for CNC knee mills, CNC vertical knee-type milling machines, CNC turret mills, CNC toolroom mills and CNC bed mills (with knee-like movement).
What HS 8459.51 covers
This category encompasses numerically controlled (CNC) milling machines characterized by their "knee-type" construction, where the table moves vertically on a knee that slides up and down the column. This design offers versatility for a range of milling operations, particularly for smaller to medium-sized workpieces. They are highly valued for their precision, repeatability, and ability to produce complex shapes under computer control. Industries such as mold making, tool & die, prototyping, and general precision machining extensively use these machines. Importers are typically industrialized nations and those investing in high-tech manufacturing capabilities (e.g., USA, Germany, China). Exporters are often countries with strong machine tool manufacturing sectors (e.g., Taiwan, Japan, Germany). The trade in these machines reflects the global demand for efficient and accurate production of components, supporting innovation across various engineering disciplines and contributing to advanced manufacturing capabilities.
- Covers
- CNC knee mills
- CNC vertical knee-type milling machines
- CNC turret mills
- CNC toolroom mills
- CNC bed mills (with knee-like movement)
- 3-axis CNC knee mills
- Examples
- Haas TM series
- Tormach PCNC series
- Hurco VM series (some knee-type variants)
- Kent USA KVR series
- Fryer MB series
Codes often confused with 8459.51
Common mistake. Often confused with 845961 (other numerically controlled milling machines, not knee-type) if the knee-type characteristic isn't explicitly recognized, or 845931 (CNC boring-milling) if it has some boring capability.
Top exporters and importers of HS code 845951, 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 845951 in UN Comtrade data was Switzerland, with 37% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was India, with 25% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 Switzerland $20M 37% of world exports
- 2 China $14M 26% of world exports
- 3 United States $3.5M 6.7% of world exports
World total: $53M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 India $16M 25% of world imports
- 2 Canada $5.4M 8.3% of world imports
- 3 Italy $5.3M 8.2% of world imports
World total: $65M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM code for 8459.51
Brazil does not split HS 8459.51: its NCM code is 8459.51.00.
All Brazil NCM codes in heading 84.59 →
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text is official; the English is our translation.
Questions about HS 8459.51
What is HS code 845951?
HS code 845951 is a 6-digit subheading in the Harmonized System that covers: Machine-tools; for milling by removing metal, knee-type, numerically controlled. This category encompasses numerically controlled (CNC) milling machines characterized by their "knee-type" construction, where the table moves vertically on a knee that slides up and down the column. This design offers versatility for a range of milling operations, particularly for smaller to medium-sized workpieces. They are highly valued for their precision, repeatability, and ability to produce complex shapes under computer control. Industries such as mold making, tool & die, prototyping, and general precision machining extensively use these machines. Importers are typically industrialized nations and those investing in high-tech manufacturing capabilities (e.g., USA, Germany, China). Exporters are often countries with strong machine tool manufacturing sectors (e.g., Taiwan, Japan, Germany). The trade in these machines reflects the global demand for efficient and accurate production of components, supporting innovation across various engineering disciplines and contributing to advanced manufacturing capabilities.
What products fall under HS code 845951?
CNC knee mills, CNC vertical knee-type milling machines, CNC turret mills, CNC toolroom mills, CNC bed mills (with knee-like movement), 3-axis CNC knee mills
What are common misclassifications for HS code 845951?
Often confused with 845961 (other numerically controlled milling machines, not knee-type) if the knee-type characteristic isn't explicitly recognized, or 845931 (CNC boring-milling) if it has some boring capability.
Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 845951?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 845951 in UN Comtrade data were Switzerland ($20M, 37% of world exports), China ($14M) and the United States ($3.5M). World exports came to about $53M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 845951?
In 2025, the top importers of HS code 845951 in UN Comtrade data were India ($16M, 25% of world imports), Canada ($5.4M) and Italy ($5.3M). World imports came to about $65M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
How is HS code 845951 structured?
HS code 845951 is a 6-digit subheading under the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (84) identify the chapter, digits 3-4 (59) identify the heading, and digits 5-6 (51) specify the subheading. This code is standardized globally by the World Customs Organization.
What is the Brazil NCM code for HS code 845951?
In Brazil, HS code 845951 is NCM 8459.51.00. The last two digits are 00 because Brazil does not split this HS code further.