HS code · 6-digit subheading
HS Code 8459.31 – Machine-tools; for boring-milling by removing metal, numerically controlled
HS code 8459.31 is the 6-digit subheading for machine-tools, for boring-milling by removing metal, numerically controlled. It is used for CNC boring-milling centers, 5-axis machining centers, horizontal boring-milling machines, vertical boring-milling machines and gantry-type boring-milling machines.
What HS 8459.31 covers
This category encompasses advanced numerically controlled (CNC) machine tools designed for both boring (enlarging or creating precise holes) and milling (shaping surfaces) operations by removing metal. These sophisticated machines are workhorses in modern manufacturing, crucial for producing complex parts with high accuracy and repeatability. Industries like aerospace, automotive, mold & die, and heavy machinery rely heavily on them for intricate component fabrication. Major importers are industrialized nations with robust manufacturing bases such as China, USA, and Germany, seeking to enhance their production capabilities. Key exporters include countries renowned for their machine tool innovation, like Germany, Japan, and Switzerland. The trade in these high-value machines reflects global investment in high-tech production, driving efficiency and technological advancement across various sectors. Considerations for trade include software integration, maintenance contracts, and specialized operator training.
- Covers
- CNC boring-milling centers
- 5-axis machining centers
- Horizontal boring-milling machines
- Vertical boring-milling machines
- Gantry-type boring-milling machines
- Multi-tasking boring-milling machines
- Examples
- DMG Mori DMU series
- Mazak Integrex series
- Okuma Multus series
- Haas UMC series
- Fidia K series
Codes often confused with 8459.31
Common mistake. Often confused with 845941 (numerically controlled boring machines only) or 845961 (numerically controlled milling machines only) if the combined boring-milling capability isn't clearly identified.
Top exporters and importers of HS code 845931, 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 845931 in UN Comtrade data was Germany, with 27% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was the United States, with 19% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 Germany $172M 27% of world exports
- 2 Italy $158M 25% of world exports
- 3 China $78M 12% of world exports
World total: $640M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 United States $93M 19% of world imports
- 2 Germany $50M 10% of world imports
- 3 Russia* ~$43M 8.7% of world imports · partner records ↗
World total: $499M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries marked * did not, so their figures add up what other countries recorded trading with them, and their exports are valued at buyers' CIF prices. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM code for 8459.31
Brazil does not split HS 8459.31: its NCM code is 8459.31.00.
All Brazil NCM codes in heading 84.59 →
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text is official; the English is our translation.
Questions about HS 8459.31
What is HS code 845931?
HS code 845931 is a 6-digit subheading in the Harmonized System that covers: Machine-tools; for boring-milling by removing metal, numerically controlled. This category encompasses advanced numerically controlled (CNC) machine tools designed for both boring (enlarging or creating precise holes) and milling (shaping surfaces) operations by removing metal. These sophisticated machines are workhorses in modern manufacturing, crucial for producing complex parts with high accuracy and repeatability. Industries like aerospace, automotive, mold & die, and heavy machinery rely heavily on them for intricate component fabrication. Major importers are industrialized nations with robust manufacturing bases such as China, USA, and Germany, seeking to enhance their production capabilities. Key exporters include countries renowned for their machine tool innovation, like Germany, Japan, and Switzerland. The trade in these high-value machines reflects global investment in high-tech production, driving efficiency and technological advancement across various sectors. Considerations for trade include software integration, maintenance contracts, and specialized operator training.
What products fall under HS code 845931?
CNC boring-milling centers, 5-axis machining centers, horizontal boring-milling machines, vertical boring-milling machines, gantry-type boring-milling machines, multi-tasking boring-milling machines
What are common misclassifications for HS code 845931?
Often confused with 845941 (numerically controlled boring machines only) or 845961 (numerically controlled milling machines only) if the combined boring-milling capability isn't clearly identified.
Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 845931?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 845931 in UN Comtrade data were Germany ($172M, 27% of world exports), Italy ($158M) and China ($78M). World exports came to about $640M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 845931?
In 2025, the top importers of HS code 845931 in UN Comtrade data were the United States ($93M, 19% of world imports), Germany ($50M) and Russia (about $43M). World imports came to about $499M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
How is HS code 845931 structured?
HS code 845931 is a 6-digit subheading under the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (84) identify the chapter, digits 3-4 (59) identify the heading, and digits 5-6 (31) specify the subheading. This code is standardized globally by the World Customs Organization.
What is the Brazil NCM code for HS code 845931?
In Brazil, HS code 845931 is NCM 8459.31.00. The last two digits are 00 because Brazil does not split this HS code further.