Product classification

HS code for Fir lumber: 4407.12

Wood, coniferous species, of fir (Abies spp.) and spruce (Picea spp.), sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or not planed, sanded or finger-jointed, of a thickness exceeding 6mm.

Classification of fir lumber under HS 4407.12

Fir lumber is classified under HS code 4407.12, a designation within the Harmonized System that pertains to wood that has been sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced, or peeled. Unlike logs in the rough, lumber under heading 4407 must have undergone significant processing, typically by a sawmill. A critical requirement for this heading is that the wood must exceed a thickness of 6 mm. Subheading 4407.12 specifically identifies coniferous wood of the genera Abies (fir) and Picea (spruce). This classification applies whether the wood is in its raw sawn state or has been further refined through planing, sanding, or finger-jointing. The inclusion of finger-jointed lumber in this category is important, as it allows for the classification of structural components made from shorter pieces of fir joined together. This code is essential for the construction and carpentry industries, as it distinguishes structural timber from decorative veneers or raw logs. Accurate classification requires identifying the botanical species and measuring the thickness to ensure it meets the 6 mm threshold required by the Chapter 44 notes.

Covers
  • Sawn fir planks exceeding 6mm thickness
  • Planed spruce boards
  • Finger-jointed fir timber
  • Sawn spruce beams for construction
  • Chipped lengthwise coniferous wood
Also under 4407.12
  • European Spruce structural timber
  • Douglas Fir lumber
  • White Fir framing
  • SPF (Spruce-Pine-Fir) lumber (where spruce/fir is dominant)

Codes often confused with 4407.12

Common mistake. The most common misclassification occurs with HS code 4408.10, which covers coniferous sheets for veneering that are 6 mm or less in thickness. If the fir wood is thinner than 6 mm, it cannot stay in 4407. Another error involves HS code 4403.24, which is for logs in the rough; once a log is sawn into lumber, it must move to 4407. Finally, if the lumber is further manufactured into specific products like moldings or beadings, it may fall under 4409.

4408.10Wood; coniferous, sheets for veneering (including those obtained by slicing laminated wood), for plywood or similar laminated wood and other wood, sawn lengthwise, sliced or peeled, planed or not, sanded, spliced or end-jointed, not over 6 mm thick44.07Wood sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or not planed, sanded or finger-jointed, of a thickness exceeding 6mm4403.24Wood; coniferous species, of fir (Abies spp.) and spruce (Picea spp.), in the rough, whether or not stripped of bark or sapwood, or roughly squared, untreated, of which any cross-sectional dimension is less than 15 cm44.09Wood (including strips, friezes for parquet flooring, not assembled), continuously shaped (tongued, grooved, v-jointed, beaded or the like) along any edges, ends or faces, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed

Top exporters and importers of HS 440712 (the code used for fir lumber), 2025

In 2025, the largest exporter of HS 440712 (the code used for fir lumber) in UN Comtrade data was Sweden, with 21% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was Italy, with 12% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

Figures cover everything classified under HS 440712, not only fir lumber.

Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports

  1. 1 Sweden $2.5B
  2. 2 Austria $1.8B
  3. 3 Germany $1.6B

World total: $11.7B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗

Top importers 2025 · share of world imports

  1. 1 Italy $1.3B
  2. 2 United Kingdom $1.3B
  3. 3 China $1.2B

World total: $11.1B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗

How these figures are built

109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).

Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.

Brazil NCM code for fir lumber

Brazil classifies fir lumber under NCM 4407.12.00: HS 4407.12 with 00 added.

Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text on each NCM page is the official one.

EU Regulatory Requirements

This product category is subject to the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR). Importers must provide due diligence statements proving the product was not produced on deforested land after December 31, 2020.

This product is covered by the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR), requiring operators to exercise due diligence to minimize the risk of placing illegally harvested timber on the EU market.

Questions about fir lumber

What is the HS code for Fir lumber?

The HS code for Fir lumber is 440712 (Wood; coniferous species, of fir (Abies spp.) and spruce (Picea spp.), sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or not planed, sanded or finger-jointed, of a thickness exceeding 6mm). The HS code for fir lumber (Abies spp.) and spruce lumber (Picea spp.) that is sawn or chipped lengthwise and exceeds 6 mm in thickness is 4407.12.

How do I classify Fir lumber for customs?

Fir lumber is classified under HS code 440712 — Wood; coniferous species, of fir (Abies spp.) and spruce (Picea spp.), sawn or chipped lengthwise, sliced or peeled, whether or not planed, sanded or finger-jointed, of a thickness exceeding 6mm. This is a 6-digit subheading level code.

Is planed fir wood classified differently than rough sawn fir?

No, both rough sawn and planed fir lumber are classified under 4407.12, provided they exceed the 6 mm thickness threshold and have not been shaped into specific profiles.

Which countries are the top exporters of fir lumber (HS 440712)?

In 2025, the top exporters of HS 440712 (the code used for fir lumber) in UN Comtrade data were Sweden ($2.5B, 21% of world exports), Austria ($1.8B) and Germany ($1.6B). World exports came to about $11.7B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

Which countries are the top importers of fir lumber (HS 440712)?

In 2025, the top importers of HS 440712 (the code used for fir lumber) in UN Comtrade data were Italy ($1.3B, 12% of world imports), the United Kingdom ($1.3B) and China ($1.2B). World imports came to about $11.1B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

Is the HS code for Fir lumber the same in all countries?

The base HS code 440712 for Fir lumber is internationally standardized for the first 6 digits across 200+ countries. Individual countries may add additional digits for national tariff lines and specific classifications.

What is the NCM code for fir lumber in Brazil?

In Brazil, fir lumber (HS 440712) is classified under NCM 4407.12.00.