HS code · 6-digit subheading
HS Code 2932.91 – Heterocyclic compounds; with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, (other than lactones or compounds containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure), isosafrole
HS code 2932.91 is the 6-digit subheading for heterocyclic compounds, with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, (other than lactones or compounds containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure), isosafrole. It is used for isosafrole for fragrance, isosafrole for heliotropin synthesis, controlled isosafrole, industrial isosafrole and chemical precursor isosafrole.
What HS 2932.91 covers
Isosafrole is an organic compound primarily used as a precursor in the synthesis of fragrances, most notably heliotropin (piperonal), which imparts a sweet, floral, vanilla-like scent. However, it is also classified as a controlled substance in many countries due to its potential for illicit use in the manufacture of MDMA (ecstasy). Consequently, its international trade is highly regulated and strictly monitored, requiring special permits and declarations from authorized entities. Key importers are legitimate fragrance and flavor manufacturers, while exporters are specialized chemical companies operating under stringent regulatory compliance. The trade volume is significantly impacted by anti-drug trafficking laws and the critical need for secure and transparent supply chains.
- Covers
- Isosafrole for fragrance
- Isosafrole for heliotropin synthesis
- Controlled isosafrole
- Industrial isosafrole
- Chemical precursor isosafrole
- Examples
- Sigma-Aldrich Isosafrole (for research purposes)
- specific chemical suppliers under license
Codes often confused with 2932.91
Common mistake. Isosafrole is often confused with safrole (2932.94) due to their structural similarity and shared regulatory status, but isosafrole has a double bond in a different position.
Top exporters and importers of HS code 293291, 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 293291 in UN Comtrade data was the United States, with 52% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was Egypt, with 69% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 United States $173K 52% of world exports
- 2 Belgium $162K 48% of world exports
- 3 Austria $792 0.2% of world exports
World total: $336K Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 Egypt $165K 69% of world imports
- 2 Australia $25K 11% of world imports
- 3 Belgium $14K 5.7% of world imports
World total: $238K Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM code for 2932.91
Brazil does not split HS 2932.91: its NCM code is 2932.91.00.
All Brazil NCM codes in heading 29.32 →
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text is official; the English is our translation.
Questions about HS 2932.91
What is HS code 293291?
HS code 293291 is a 6-digit subheading in the Harmonized System that covers: Heterocyclic compounds; with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, (other than lactones or compounds containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure), isosafrole. Isosafrole is an organic compound primarily used as a precursor in the synthesis of fragrances, most notably heliotropin (piperonal), which imparts a sweet, floral, vanilla-like scent. However, it is also classified as a controlled substance in many countries due to its potential for illicit use in the manufacture of MDMA (ecstasy). Consequently, its international trade is highly regulated and strictly monitored, requiring special permits and declarations from authorized entities. Key importers are legitimate fragrance and flavor manufacturers, while exporters are specialized chemical companies operating under stringent regulatory compliance. The trade volume is significantly impacted by anti-drug trafficking laws and the critical need for secure and transparent supply chains.
What products fall under HS code 293291?
Isosafrole for fragrance, isosafrole for heliotropin synthesis, controlled isosafrole, industrial isosafrole, chemical precursor isosafrole
What are common misclassifications for HS code 293291?
Isosafrole is often confused with safrole (2932.94) due to their structural similarity and shared regulatory status, but isosafrole has a double bond in a different position.
Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 293291?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 293291 in UN Comtrade data were the United States ($173K, 52% of world exports), Belgium ($162K) and Austria ($792). World exports came to about $336K, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 293291?
In 2025, the top importers of HS code 293291 in UN Comtrade data were Egypt ($165K, 69% of world imports), Australia ($25K) and Belgium ($14K). World imports came to about $238K, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
How is HS code 293291 structured?
HS code 293291 is a 6-digit subheading under the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (29) identify the chapter, digits 3-4 (32) identify the heading, and digits 5-6 (91) specify the subheading. This code is standardized globally by the World Customs Organization.
What is the Brazil NCM code for HS code 293291?
In Brazil, HS code 293291 is NCM 2932.91.00. The last two digits are 00 because Brazil does not split this HS code further.