HS code · 6-digit subheading
HS Code 2932.12 – Heterocyclic compounds; with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, 2-furaldehyde (furfuraldehyde)
HS code 2932.12 is the 6-digit subheading for heterocyclic compounds, with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, 2-furaldehyde (furfuraldehyde). It is used for furfural, 2-furaldehyde, bio-based furfural, furfural for resins and furfural for solvents.
What HS 2932.12 covers
Furfural, or 2-furaldehyde, is a versatile organic compound derived from renewable agricultural byproducts such as corn cobs, oat hulls, and sugarcane bagasse. It functions as a crucial bio-based chemical building block, primarily utilized in the production of furfuryl alcohol, but also as a selective solvent in petroleum refining and for manufacturing furan resins. Industries involved in specialty chemicals, plastics, and refining are the main participants in its international trade. Its origin from biomass makes it highly attractive for sustainable chemistry initiatives. Key considerations for trade include the availability and cost of agricultural feedstocks, the efficiency of processing technologies, and its vital role in producing various furan derivatives for applications ranging from pharmaceuticals to agrochemicals.
- Covers
- Furfural
- 2-furaldehyde
- Bio-based furfural
- Furfural for resins
- Furfural for solvents
- Furfural for furfuryl alcohol production
- Technical grade furfural
- Examples
- TransFuran Chemicals Furfural
- Illovo Sugar Furfural
- Pennakem Furfural
- Tieling North Furfural
Codes often confused with 2932.12
Common mistake. Furfural might be confused with other furan derivatives like furfuryl alcohol (2932.13) or furan itself (under 2932.19) if the aldehyde functional group is not accurately identified.
Top exporters and importers of HS code 293212, 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 293212 in UN Comtrade data was the Dominican Republic, with 36% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was the United States, with 56% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 Dominican Republic $17M 36% of world exports
- 2 China $14M 31% of world exports
- 3 South Africa $13M 29% of world exports
World total: $47M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 United States $25M 56% of world imports
- 2 Brazil $5.2M 12% of world imports
- 3 Netherlands $2.3M 5.2% of world imports
World total: $45M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM code for 2932.12
Brazil does not split HS 2932.12: its NCM code is 2932.12.00.
All Brazil NCM codes in heading 29.32 →
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text is official; the English is our translation.
Questions about HS 2932.12
What is HS code 293212?
HS code 293212 is a 6-digit subheading in the Harmonized System that covers: Heterocyclic compounds; with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, 2-furaldehyde (furfuraldehyde). Furfural, or 2-furaldehyde, is a versatile organic compound derived from renewable agricultural byproducts such as corn cobs, oat hulls, and sugarcane bagasse. It functions as a crucial bio-based chemical building block, primarily utilized in the production of furfuryl alcohol, but also as a selective solvent in petroleum refining and for manufacturing furan resins. Industries involved in specialty chemicals, plastics, and refining are the main participants in its international trade. Its origin from biomass makes it highly attractive for sustainable chemistry initiatives. Key considerations for trade include the availability and cost of agricultural feedstocks, the efficiency of processing technologies, and its vital role in producing various furan derivatives for applications ranging from pharmaceuticals to agrochemicals.
What products fall under HS code 293212?
Furfural, 2-furaldehyde, bio-based furfural, furfural for resins, furfural for solvents, furfural for furfuryl alcohol production, technical grade furfural
What are common misclassifications for HS code 293212?
Furfural might be confused with other furan derivatives like furfuryl alcohol (2932.13) or furan itself (under 2932.19) if the aldehyde functional group is not accurately identified.
Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 293212?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 293212 in UN Comtrade data were the Dominican Republic ($17M, 36% of world exports), China ($14M) and South Africa ($13M). World exports came to about $47M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 293212?
In 2025, the top importers of HS code 293212 in UN Comtrade data were the United States ($25M, 56% of world imports), Brazil ($5.2M) and the Netherlands ($2.3M). World imports came to about $45M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
How is HS code 293212 structured?
HS code 293212 is a 6-digit subheading under the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (29) identify the chapter, digits 3-4 (32) identify the heading, and digits 5-6 (12) specify the subheading. This code is standardized globally by the World Customs Organization.
What is the Brazil NCM code for HS code 293212?
In Brazil, HS code 293212 is NCM 2932.12.00. The last two digits are 00 because Brazil does not split this HS code further.