HS code · 6-digit subheading
HS Code 2932.20 – Heterocyclic compounds; with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, lactones
HS code 2932.20 is the 6-digit subheading for heterocyclic compounds, with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, lactones. It is used for gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, delta-decalactone, furanone derivatives and lactone flavorants.
What HS 2932.20 covers
This code specifically covers lactones that are heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen as the sole heteroatom and an unfused furan ring, which may or may not be hydrogenated. Lactones are cyclic esters, and those falling under this classification are frequently found in natural products, utilized as crucial flavor and fragrance ingredients, or serve as intermediates in complex pharmaceutical syntheses. Examples include certain gamma-lactones and delta-lactones with distinct furanic structures. Importers are typically flavor and fragrance houses, cosmetic manufacturers, and pharmaceutical companies, while exporters are fine chemical producers. The trade is primarily driven by consumer demand for specific sensory profiles in food and cosmetics, as well as the need for sophisticated chemical building blocks in drug development and research.
- Covers
- Gamma-decalactone
- Gamma-nonalactone
- Delta-decalactone
- Furanone derivatives
- Lactone flavorants
- Lactone fragrance compounds
- Furanic lactone intermediates
- Natural lactones
- Examples
- Givaudan Gamma-Decalactone
- Firmenich Delta-Nonalactone
- Symrise Furanone
- Takasago Lactone flavors
Codes often confused with 2932.20
Common mistake. These lactones can be confused with other lactones not containing a furan ring (e.g., under 2932.99 for other oxygen heterocyclics) or with non-lactone furan derivatives (2932.19).
Top exporters and importers of HS code 293220, 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 293220 in UN Comtrade data was China, with 55% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was the United States, with 14% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 China $1.1B 55% of world exports
- 2 India $158M 7.7% of world exports
- 3 Germany $140M 6.8% of world exports
World total: $2.1B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 United States $276M 14% of world imports
- 2 Brazil $222M 11% of world imports
- 3 Germany $142M 7.1% of world imports
World total: $2.0B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM code for 2932.20
Brazil does not split HS 2932.20: its NCM code is 2932.20.00.
All Brazil NCM codes in heading 29.32 →
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text is official; the English is our translation.
Questions about HS 2932.20
What is HS code 293220?
HS code 293220 is a 6-digit subheading in the Harmonized System that covers: Heterocyclic compounds; with oxygen hetero-atom(s) only, containing an unfused furan ring (whether or not hydrogenated) in the structure, lactones. This code specifically covers lactones that are heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen as the sole heteroatom and an unfused furan ring, which may or may not be hydrogenated. Lactones are cyclic esters, and those falling under this classification are frequently found in natural products, utilized as crucial flavor and fragrance ingredients, or serve as intermediates in complex pharmaceutical syntheses. Examples include certain gamma-lactones and delta-lactones with distinct furanic structures. Importers are typically flavor and fragrance houses, cosmetic manufacturers, and pharmaceutical companies, while exporters are fine chemical producers. The trade is primarily driven by consumer demand for specific sensory profiles in food and cosmetics, as well as the need for sophisticated chemical building blocks in drug development and research.
What products fall under HS code 293220?
Gamma-decalactone, gamma-nonalactone, delta-decalactone, furanone derivatives, lactone flavorants, lactone fragrance compounds, furanic lactone intermediates, natural lactones
What are common misclassifications for HS code 293220?
These lactones can be confused with other lactones not containing a furan ring (e.g., under 2932.99 for other oxygen heterocyclics) or with non-lactone furan derivatives (2932.19).
Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 293220?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 293220 in UN Comtrade data were China ($1.1B, 55% of world exports), India ($158M) and Germany ($140M). World exports came to about $2.1B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 293220?
In 2025, the top importers of HS code 293220 in UN Comtrade data were the United States ($276M, 14% of world imports), Brazil ($222M) and Germany ($142M). World imports came to about $2.0B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
How is HS code 293220 structured?
HS code 293220 is a 6-digit subheading under the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (29) identify the chapter, digits 3-4 (32) identify the heading, and digits 5-6 (20) specify the subheading. This code is standardized globally by the World Customs Organization.
What is the Brazil NCM code for HS code 293220?
In Brazil, HS code 293220 is NCM 2932.20.00. The last two digits are 00 because Brazil does not split this HS code further.