Product classification
HS code for Non-coniferous firewood: 4401.12
Wood, for fuel, in logs, in billets, in twigs, in faggots or similar forms, whether or not agglomerated, non-coniferous.
Classification of non-coniferous firewood under HS 4401.12
Non-coniferous firewood is classified under HS code 4401.12. This classification falls under Chapter 44, which covers wood and articles of wood. Heading 4401 specifically addresses fuel wood in various forms such as logs, billets, twigs, or faggots. The classification is determined by two primary factors: the intended use as fuel and the botanical origin of the wood. Subheading 4401.12 is designated for non-coniferous (hardwood) species, such as oak, ash, beech, birch, or eucalyptus. This is distinguished from 4401.11, which is for coniferous (softwood) species like pine or spruce. The wood must be in a form typically used for fuel; if the wood is in the rough but not intended for fuel, it might be classified under heading 4403. However, the presence of splitting, small diameters, or irregular shapes often indicates its status as firewood. General Interpretative Rules 1 and 6 are applied to reach this specific subheading. Accurate classification is important for environmental regulations, as many countries have specific phytosanitary requirements for the importation of hardwood firewood to prevent the spread of invasive species like the emerald ash borer. The wood may be barked or not, but it must not be further worked into lumber or other products.
- Covers
- Oak logs for firewood
- Beech billets intended for fuel
- Hardwood twigs and faggots for burning
- Mixed non-coniferous logs for residential heating
- Also under 4401.12
- Local hardwood firewood suppliers
- specific brands of kiln-dried oak logs
- wood from certified sustainable forests
- restaurant-grade cooking wood
- cherry wood logs
Codes often confused with 4401.12
Common mistake. This code is often confused with 4401.11 (Coniferous firewood) if the wood species is not correctly identified. It is also frequently confused with 4401.22 (Non-coniferous wood chips) or 4401.31 (Wood pellets). Additionally, logs that are suitable for sawing into lumber might be misclassified here but should actually be in 4403.
Top exporters and importers of HS 440112 (the code used for non-coniferous firewood), 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS 440112 (the code used for non-coniferous firewood) in UN Comtrade data was Latvia, with 19% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was the United Kingdom, with 22% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Figures cover everything classified under HS 440112, not only non-coniferous firewood.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 Latvia $91M 19% of world exports
- 2 Bosnia and Herzegovina $65M 14% of world exports
- 3 Lithuania $57M 12% of world exports
World total: $477M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 United Kingdom $97M 22% of world imports
- 2 Italy $50M 11% of world imports
- 3 South Africa $40M 9.2% of world imports
World total: $440M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM code for non-coniferous firewood
Brazil classifies non-coniferous firewood under NCM 4401.12.00: HS 4401.12 with 00 added.
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text on each NCM page is the official one.
EU Regulatory Requirements
This product category is subject to the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR). Importers must provide due diligence statements proving the product was not produced on deforested land after December 31, 2020.
This product is covered by the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR), requiring operators to exercise due diligence to minimize the risk of placing illegally harvested timber on the EU market.
Questions about non-coniferous firewood
What is the HS code for Non-coniferous firewood?
The HS code for Non-coniferous firewood is 440112 (Wood; for fuel, in logs, in billets, in twigs, in faggots or similar forms, whether or not agglomerated, non-coniferous). The HS code is 4401.12 for fuel wood from non-coniferous trees.
How do I classify Non-coniferous firewood for customs?
Non-coniferous firewood is classified under HS code 440112 — Wood; for fuel, in logs, in billets, in twigs, in faggots or similar forms, whether or not agglomerated, non-coniferous. This is a 6-digit subheading level code.
Does this code include wood charcoal?
No, wood charcoal is classified under heading 4402, even if it is intended for use as fuel.
Which countries are the top exporters of non-coniferous firewood (HS 440112)?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS 440112 (the code used for non-coniferous firewood) in UN Comtrade data were Latvia ($91M, 19% of world exports), Bosnia and Herzegovina ($65M) and Lithuania ($57M). World exports came to about $477M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of non-coniferous firewood (HS 440112)?
In 2025, the top importers of HS 440112 (the code used for non-coniferous firewood) in UN Comtrade data were the United Kingdom ($97M, 22% of world imports), Italy ($50M) and South Africa ($40M). World imports came to about $440M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Is the HS code for Non-coniferous firewood the same in all countries?
The base HS code 440112 for Non-coniferous firewood is internationally standardized for the first 6 digits across 200+ countries. Individual countries may add additional digits for national tariff lines and specific classifications.
What is the NCM code for non-coniferous firewood in Brazil?
In Brazil, non-coniferous firewood (HS 440112) is classified under NCM 4401.12.00.