Product classification
HS code for Morphine: 2939.19
Alkaloids, of opium and their derivatives, other than in 2939.11, salts thereof.
Classification of morphine under HS 2939.19
Morphine is classified under HS code 2939.19, which covers alkaloids of opium and their derivatives, other than those specifically named in subheading 2939.11. Chapter 29 of the Harmonized System is dedicated to organic chemicals, and heading 2939 specifically addresses vegetable alkaloids, whether natural or reproduced by synthesis, and their salts, ethers, esters, and other derivatives. Morphine is a naturally occurring alkaloid extracted from the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). The classification logic follows the chemical identity of the substance as a pure alkaloid or its salt. While 2939.11 is reserved for concentrates of poppy straw and specific esters like buprenorphine, codeine, and dihydrocodeine, 2939.19 serves as the residual category for other opium alkaloids, including morphine in its bulk chemical form. This classification is critical for international trade monitoring, as morphine is a controlled substance under international drug control treaties. The code applies to the raw chemical substance used in pharmaceutical manufacturing before it is processed into final dosage forms.
- Covers
- Morphine alkaloid (bulk)
- Morphine sulfate
- Morphine hydrochloride
- Morphine tartrate
- Other salts of morphine derived from opium
- Also under 2939.19
- OxyContin API (Purdue Pharma)
- Vicodin API (AbbVie)
- Suboxone API (Indivior)
- Dilaudid API (Mallinckrodt)
- Naloxone HCl (various manufacturers)
Codes often confused with 2939.19
Common mistake. The most common misclassification occurs between HS code 2939.19 and HS code 3004.41. Code 2939.19 is for the bulk chemical substance, whereas 3004.41 is for medicaments containing alkaloids put up in measured doses or in forms or packings for retail sale. Additionally, it should not be confused with 2939.11, which is specifically for poppy straw concentrates.
Top exporters and importers of HS 293919 (the code used for morphine), 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS 293919 (the code used for morphine) in UN Comtrade data was France, with 20% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was India, with 20% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Figures cover everything classified under HS 293919, not only morphine.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 France $60M 20% of world exports
- 2 United States $55M 18% of world exports
- 3 Hungary $46M 15% of world exports
World total: $309M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 India $72M 20% of world imports
- 2 United States $51M 14% of world imports
- 3 China $43M 12% of world imports
World total: $365M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM code for morphine
Brazil classifies morphine under NCM 2939.19.00: HS 2939.19 with 00 added.
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text on each NCM page is the official one.
Questions about morphine
What is the HS code for Morphine?
The HS code for Morphine is 293919 (Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; other than in 2939.11, salts thereof). The HS code for morphine in its bulk chemical or salt form is 2939.19.
How do I classify Morphine for customs?
Morphine is classified under HS code 293919 — Alkaloids; of opium and their derivatives; other than in 2939.11, salts thereof. This is a 6-digit subheading level code.
Is morphine classified differently if it is in a tablet form?
Yes, if morphine is formulated into tablets, injections, or other measured doses for therapeutic use, it is classified under heading 3004.
Which countries are the top exporters of morphine (HS 293919)?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS 293919 (the code used for morphine) in UN Comtrade data were France ($60M, 20% of world exports), the United States ($55M) and Hungary ($46M). World exports came to about $309M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of morphine (HS 293919)?
In 2025, the top importers of HS 293919 (the code used for morphine) in UN Comtrade data were India ($72M, 20% of world imports), the United States ($51M) and China ($43M). World imports came to about $365M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Is the HS code for Morphine the same in all countries?
The base HS code 293919 for Morphine is internationally standardized for the first 6 digits across 200+ countries. Individual countries may add additional digits for national tariff lines and specific classifications.
What is the NCM code for morphine in Brazil?
In Brazil, morphine (HS 293919) is classified under NCM 2939.19.00.