HS code · 6-digit subheading
HS Code 8603.10 – Railway or tramway coaches, vans and trucks; self-propelled, powered from an external source of electricity (excluding those of heading no. 8604)
HS code 8603.10 is the 6-digit subheading for railway or tramway coaches, vans and trucks, self-propelled, powered from an external source of electricity (excluding those of heading no. 8604). It is used for electric Multiple Units (EMUs), trams, light rail vehicles, electric subway trains and electric commuter trains.
What HS 8603.10 covers
This HS code covers self-propelled railway or tramway coaches, vans, and trucks that are powered from an external source of electricity, excluding maintenance vehicles. This primarily includes Electric Multiple Units (EMUs), trams, and light rail vehicles, which are vital for urban and intercity passenger transport on electrified lines. Importers are typically urban transit authorities, national railway companies, and rolling stock leasing firms, while exporters are major rolling stock manufacturers. The trade is driven by the expansion of public transport networks, modernization of existing fleets, and the demand for efficient, high-capacity, and environmentally friendly passenger solutions. Key considerations include network compatibility, passenger comfort and safety features, and the integration with existing electrified infrastructure.
- Covers
- Electric Multiple Units (EMUs)
- Trams
- Light rail vehicles
- Electric subway trains
- Electric commuter trains
- Electric intercity trains
- Electric streetcars
- Examples
- Siemens Desiro ML
- Alstom Coradia Stream
- Bombardier Flexity tram
- Kawasaki Heavy Industries Shinkansen E7
- CRRC Metro trains
Codes often confused with 8603.10
Common mistake. This code is distinguished from 8603.90 (self-propelled vehicles powered by other means, like diesel) and 8604.00 (railway maintenance vehicles), as it specifically refers to externally powered electric passenger/freight vehicles.
Top exporters and importers of HS code 860310, 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 860310 in UN Comtrade data was China, with 21% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was Austria, with 15% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 China $1.1B 21% of world exports
- 2 Germany $1.1B 21% of world exports
- 3 Switzerland $883M 17% of world exports
World total: $5.3B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 Austria $754M 15% of world imports
- 2 Switzerland $538M 10% of world imports
- 3 Germany $480M 9.3% of world imports
World total: $5.2B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM code for 8603.10
Brazil does not split HS 8603.10: its NCM code is 8603.10.00.
All Brazil NCM codes in heading 86.03 →
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text is official; the English is our translation.
Questions about HS 8603.10
What is HS code 860310?
HS code 860310 is a 6-digit subheading in the Harmonized System that covers: Railway or tramway coaches, vans and trucks; self-propelled, powered from an external source of electricity (excluding those of heading no. 8604). This HS code covers self-propelled railway or tramway coaches, vans, and trucks that are powered from an external source of electricity, excluding maintenance vehicles. This primarily includes Electric Multiple Units (EMUs), trams, and light rail vehicles, which are vital for urban and intercity passenger transport on electrified lines. Importers are typically urban transit authorities, national railway companies, and rolling stock leasing firms, while exporters are major rolling stock manufacturers. The trade is driven by the expansion of public transport networks, modernization of existing fleets, and the demand for efficient, high-capacity, and environmentally friendly passenger solutions. Key considerations include network compatibility, passenger comfort and safety features, and the integration with existing electrified infrastructure.
What products fall under HS code 860310?
Electric Multiple Units (EMUs), trams, light rail vehicles, electric subway trains, electric commuter trains, electric intercity trains, electric streetcars
What are common misclassifications for HS code 860310?
This code is distinguished from 8603.90 (self-propelled vehicles powered by other means, like diesel) and 8604.00 (railway maintenance vehicles), as it specifically refers to externally powered electric passenger/freight vehicles.
Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 860310?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 860310 in UN Comtrade data were China ($1.1B, 21% of world exports), Germany ($1.1B) and Switzerland ($883M). World exports came to about $5.3B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 860310?
In 2025, the top importers of HS code 860310 in UN Comtrade data were Austria ($754M, 15% of world imports), Switzerland ($538M) and Germany ($480M). World imports came to about $5.2B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
How is HS code 860310 structured?
HS code 860310 is a 6-digit subheading under the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (86) identify the chapter, digits 3-4 (03) identify the heading, and digits 5-6 (10) specify the subheading. This code is standardized globally by the World Customs Organization.
What is the Brazil NCM code for HS code 860310?
In Brazil, HS code 860310 is NCM 8603.10.00. The last two digits are 00 because Brazil does not split this HS code further.