Product classification
HS code for Wooden seat frame: 9401.91
Seats, parts, of wood, (other than for use in the assembly of motor vehicles as determined by the minister, other than automotive).
Classification of wooden seat frame under HS 9401.91
Wooden seat frames are classified under HS code 9401.91, a designation that falls within Chapter 94 of the Harmonized System. This chapter is dedicated to furniture, bedding, and similar products. Heading 9401 specifically covers "Seats (other than those of heading 9402), whether or not convertible into beds, and parts thereof." The classification of parts is a nuanced area of customs law. According to Note 3 to Chapter 94, parts of furniture must be identifiable as such by their shape or other specific features. A wooden seat frame is the structural skeleton of a chair, sofa, or stool. It is not a finished piece of furniture in itself but is an essential component that determines the final form of the seat. Subheading 9401.91 is the specific carve-out for wooden parts of these seats. This classification is used by manufacturers who export unfinished frames to be upholstered in another country. It is important to distinguish these from parts of "other furniture" (like tables or desks), which would fall under 9403.91. The logic behind 9401.91 is to group all seat-related components together, recognizing that the seat industry has distinct manufacturing and trade patterns. This code excludes parts of seats for aircraft or motor vehicles, which are classified elsewhere due to their specialized safety and engineering standards. By using 9401.91, customs officials can track the trade of semi-finished wooden goods intended for the seating industry, providing valuable data on global furniture supply chains. The wooden nature of the frame implies a specific set of production techniques, often involving joinery, sanding, and sometimes carving. These frames are often imported in a "knocked down" state to save on shipping costs, yet they remain classified under 9401.91 because they are clearly identifiable as seat parts.
- Covers
- Wooden chair frames
- Wooden sofa and settee frames
- Wooden stool frames
- Wooden bench frames for indoor seating
- Also under 9401.91
- Replacement wooden chair legs for IKEA chairs
- Thonet bentwood components
- Custom furniture workshop parts
- Restoration hardware wooden parts
Codes often confused with 9401.91
Common mistake. Wooden seat frames are often misclassified under HS code 4421.99, which is a general category for "other articles of wood." This happens when the importer fails to identify the item as a specific part of furniture. They are also sometimes confused with HS code 9403.91, which covers wooden parts of furniture other than seats. Since 9401 specifically covers seats, its parts must be classified there first.
Top exporters and importers of HS 940191 (the code used for wooden seat frame), 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS 940191 (the code used for wooden seat frame) in UN Comtrade data was China, with 23% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was the United States, with 21% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Figures cover everything classified under HS 940191, not only wooden seat frame.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 China $181M 23% of world exports
- 2 Vietnam* ~$75M 9.4% of world exports · partner records ↗
- 3 United States $69M 8.7% of world exports
World total: $798M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 United States $169M 21% of world imports
- 2 Germany $65M 8.0% of world imports
- 3 Poland $64M 8.0% of world imports
World total: $807M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries marked * did not, so their figures add up what other countries recorded trading with them, and their exports are valued at buyers' CIF prices. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM code for wooden seat frame
Brazil classifies wooden seat frame under NCM 9401.91.00: HS 9401.91 with 00 added.
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text on each NCM page is the official one.
EU Regulatory Requirements
This product category is subject to the EU Deforestation Regulation (EUDR). Importers must provide due diligence statements proving the product was not produced on deforested land after December 31, 2020.
This product is covered by the EU Timber Regulation (EUTR), requiring operators to exercise due diligence to minimize the risk of placing illegally harvested timber on the EU market.
Questions about wooden seat frame
What is the HS code for Wooden seat frame?
The HS code for Wooden seat frame is 940191 (Seats; parts, of wood, (other than for use in the assembly of motor vehicles as determined by the minister, other than automotive)). The HS code for a wooden seat frame is 9401.91, which refers to wooden parts of seats.
How do I classify Wooden seat frame for customs?
Wooden seat frame is classified under HS code 940191 — Seats; parts, of wood, (other than for use in the assembly of motor vehicles as determined by the minister, other than automotive). This is a 6-digit subheading level code.
Are frames for automotive seats included in this code?
No, wooden frames for motor vehicle seats are generally excluded from this code and are classified under different headings depending on the specific vehicle type and ministerial determinations.
Which countries are the top exporters of wooden seat frame (HS 940191)?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS 940191 (the code used for wooden seat frame) in UN Comtrade data were China ($181M, 23% of world exports), Vietnam (about $75M) and the United States ($69M). World exports came to about $798M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of wooden seat frame (HS 940191)?
In 2025, the top importers of HS 940191 (the code used for wooden seat frame) in UN Comtrade data were the United States ($169M, 21% of world imports), Germany ($65M) and Poland ($64M). World imports came to about $807M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Is the HS code for Wooden seat frame the same in all countries?
The base HS code 940191 for Wooden seat frame is internationally standardized for the first 6 digits across 200+ countries. Individual countries may add additional digits for national tariff lines and specific classifications.
What is the NCM code for wooden seat frame in Brazil?
In Brazil, wooden seat frame (HS 940191) is classified under NCM 9401.91.00.