Product classification
HS code for Rough synthetic gemstones: 7104.29
Stones, synthetic or reconstructed precious or semi-precious n.e.c. in heading 7104, unworked or simply sawn or roughly shaped.
Classification of rough synthetic gemstones under HS 7104.29
Rough synthetic gemstones are classified under HS code 7104.29. This code is used for stones that are lab-created or reconstructed but possess the same chemical, physical, and optical properties as natural precious or semi-precious stones. The 'rough' designation implies that the material is unworked, simply sawn, or roughly shaped into boules, blocks, or crystals. This subheading is a residual category for synthetic stones other than synthetic diamonds (which have their own specific code). Synthetic stones are often produced using methods like the Verneuil (flame fusion) process, Czochralski (crystal pulling) process, or hydrothermal growth. The resulting material, often in the form of a 'boule,' is classified here before it is sent to lapidaries for faceting or polishing. Reconstructed stones, made by pressing together fragments of natural stones into a solid mass, also fall under this classification.
- Covers
- Synthetic ruby boules (unworked)
- Lab-grown sapphire crystals (rough)
- Uncut synthetic alexandrite
- Reconstructed turquoise blocks (unworked)
- Synthetic emerald rough from hydrothermal growth
- Also under 7104.29
- Charles & Colvard (moissanite)
- Chatham Created Gems (synthetic emeralds/rubies)
- various industrial diamond manufacturers
- Element Six (synthetic diamonds)
Codes often confused with 7104.29
Common mistake. The most frequent misclassification is with HS code 7104.21, which is specifically for unworked synthetic diamonds. Another common error is using 7104.99, which is for synthetic stones that have been worked (cut, polished, or faceted). Importers also occasionally confuse these with natural rough stones in 7103.10, but the synthetic origin mandates classification in 7104.
Top exporters and importers of HS 710429 (the code used for rough synthetic gemstones), 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS 710429 (the code used for rough synthetic gemstones) in UN Comtrade data was Switzerland, with 30% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was Switzerland, with 27% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Figures cover everything classified under HS 710429, not only rough synthetic gemstones.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 Switzerland $19M 30% of world exports
- 2 France $10M 16% of world exports
- 3 Japan $8.6M 13% of world exports
World total: $64M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 Switzerland $15M 27% of world imports
- 2 India $12M 23% of world imports
- 3 Hong Kong $6.9M 13% of world imports
World total: $53M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM code for rough synthetic gemstones
Brazil classifies rough synthetic gemstones under NCM 7104.29.00: HS 7104.29 with 00 added.
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text on each NCM page is the official one.
Questions about rough synthetic gemstones
What is the HS code for Rough synthetic gemstones?
The HS code for Rough synthetic gemstones is 710429 (Stones; synthetic or reconstructed precious or semi-precious n.e.c. in heading 7104, unworked or simply sawn or roughly shaped). The HS code for unworked or roughly shaped synthetic or reconstructed precious/semi-precious stones (excluding diamonds) is 7104.29.
How do I classify Rough synthetic gemstones for customs?
Rough synthetic gemstones is classified under HS code 710429 — Stones; synthetic or reconstructed precious or semi-precious n.e.c. in heading 7104, unworked or simply sawn or roughly shaped. This is a 6-digit subheading level code.
What is a 'reconstructed' stone?
A reconstructed stone is made by binding together fragments of natural precious or semi-precious stones, usually by heat, pressure, or a binder, to form a single mass.
Which countries are the top exporters of rough synthetic gemstones (HS 710429)?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS 710429 (the code used for rough synthetic gemstones) in UN Comtrade data were Switzerland ($19M, 30% of world exports), France ($10M) and Japan ($8.6M). World exports came to about $64M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of rough synthetic gemstones (HS 710429)?
In 2025, the top importers of HS 710429 (the code used for rough synthetic gemstones) in UN Comtrade data were Switzerland ($15M, 27% of world imports), India ($12M) and Hong Kong ($6.9M). World imports came to about $53M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Is the HS code for Rough synthetic gemstones the same in all countries?
The base HS code 710429 for Rough synthetic gemstones is internationally standardized for the first 6 digits across 200+ countries. Individual countries may add additional digits for national tariff lines and specific classifications.
What is the NCM code for rough synthetic gemstones in Brazil?
In Brazil, rough synthetic gemstones (HS 710429) is classified under NCM 7104.29.00.