Product classification

HS code for Hydraulic ram: 8412.21

Engines, hydraulic power engines and motors, linear acting (cylinders).

Classification of hydraulic ram under HS 8412.21

The classification of a hydraulic ram under HS code 8412.21 is based on its fundamental mechanical function as a linear acting hydraulic power engine. These devices, commonly referred to as hydraulic cylinders, are designed to convert the energy of pressurized hydraulic fluid into a straight-line mechanical force and motion. According to the General Rules of Interpretation (GRI), products are classified based on the terms of the headings and any relative section or chapter notes. Heading 8412 covers other engines and motors, and subheading 8412.21 specifically identifies those that are hydraulic and linear acting. This distinguishes them from rotary hydraulic motors, which would fall under a different subheading. The ram consists of a cylinder barrel, a piston, and a piston rod, and its operation is essential in various industrial sectors, including construction machinery, manufacturing presses, and aerospace actuators. Because the primary output is linear mechanical energy derived from fluid pressure, it fits perfectly within this specific HS designation.

Covers
  • Single-acting hydraulic cylinders
  • Double-acting hydraulic cylinders
  • Telescopic hydraulic rams
  • Differential cylinders
  • Plunger-type hydraulic rams
Also under 8412.21
  • Parker Hannifin hydraulic cylinders
  • Bosch Rexroth hydraulic cylinders
  • Eaton hydraulic cylinders
  • Caterpillar hydraulic cylinders
  • Enerpac hydraulic cylinders

Codes often confused with 8412.21

Common mistake. Hydraulic rams are frequently misclassified under HS code 8413. This code refers to pumps for liquids. While a pump is necessary to provide the pressurized fluid to the ram, the ram itself is an engine/motor that consumes that pressure to perform work, not a pump that creates flow. Another common error is using HS code 8412.29, which is reserved for hydraulic power engines that are not linear acting, such as hydraulic motors that produce rotary motion.

84.13Pumps; for liquids, whether or not fitted with measuring device, liquid elevators8412.29Engines; hydraulic power engines and motors, other than linear acting (cylinders)

Top exporters and importers of HS 841221 (the code used for hydraulic ram), 2025

In 2025, the largest exporter of HS 841221 (the code used for hydraulic ram) in UN Comtrade data was the United States, with 17% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was the United States, with 18% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

Figures cover everything classified under HS 841221, not only hydraulic ram.

Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports

  1. 1 United States $1.6B
  2. 2 Germany $1.3B
  3. 3 China $1.3B

World total: $9.4B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗

Top importers 2025 · share of world imports

  1. 1 United States $1.6B
  2. 2 Germany $789M
  3. 3 China $521M

World total: $8.8B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗

How these figures are built

109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).

Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.

Brazil NCM codes for hydraulic ram

Brazil splits HS 8412.21 into 2 NCM codes. Pick the one that matches your product:

Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text on each NCM page is the official one.

Questions about hydraulic ram

What is the HS code for Hydraulic ram?

The HS code for Hydraulic ram is 841221 (Engines; hydraulic power engines and motors, linear acting (cylinders)). The HS code for a linear acting hydraulic ram is 8412.21.

How do I classify Hydraulic ram for customs?

Hydraulic ram is classified under HS code 841221 — Engines; hydraulic power engines and motors, linear acting (cylinders). This is a 6-digit subheading level code.

Does this code include the hydraulic pump?

No, hydraulic pumps are classified separately under heading 8413, as they serve a different mechanical purpose than the ram.

Which countries are the top exporters of hydraulic ram (HS 841221)?

In 2025, the top exporters of HS 841221 (the code used for hydraulic ram) in UN Comtrade data were the United States ($1.6B, 17% of world exports), Germany ($1.3B) and China ($1.3B). World exports came to about $9.4B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

Which countries are the top importers of hydraulic ram (HS 841221)?

In 2025, the top importers of HS 841221 (the code used for hydraulic ram) in UN Comtrade data were the United States ($1.6B, 18% of world imports), Germany ($789M) and China ($521M). World imports came to about $8.8B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

Is the HS code for Hydraulic ram the same in all countries?

The base HS code 841221 for Hydraulic ram is internationally standardized for the first 6 digits across 200+ countries. Individual countries may add additional digits for national tariff lines and specific classifications.

What is the NCM code for hydraulic ram in Brazil?

Brazil splits HS 841221 into 2 NCM codes, so the right one for hydraulic ram depends on the product's details: 8412.21.10 (Hydraulic cylinders), 8412.21.90 (Other linear-acting hydraulic motors).