Product classification
HS code for Gear finishing machine: 8461.40
Machine-tools, gear cutting, gear grinding or gear finishing machines, working by removing metal, sintered metal carbides or cermets.
Classification of gear finishing machine under HS 8461.40
The gear finishing machine is classified under HS code 8461.40, which specifically covers machine-tools for gear cutting, gear grinding, or gear finishing. This classification is determined by the machine's primary function of removing metal, sintered metal carbides, or cermets to achieve the final desired dimensions and surface quality of a gear. Unlike primary cutting machines that remove bulk material, finishing machines are designed for high-precision operations such as shaving, honing, or lapping. These processes are essential for reducing noise, improving load-bearing capacity, and extending the lifespan of the gear components. The classification remains consistent regardless of whether the machine is manually operated or controlled by a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) system, provided the fundamental operation is the removal of material to finish gear teeth.
- Covers
- Gear shaving machines
- Gear honing machines
- Gear lapping machines
- CNC gear finishing centers
- Gear deburring machines using metal removal processes
- Internal gear finishing machines
- Also under 8461.40
- Liebherr Gear Technology
- Gleason Corporation
- Reishauer AG
- Klingelnberg
- FFG Werke (Modul)
Codes often confused with 8461.40
Common mistake. Gear finishing machines are frequently misclassified under HS code 8460, which covers grinding, polishing, or otherwise finishing machines for metal. However, 8460 specifically excludes machines designed for gear cutting or finishing, which are reserved for 8461.40. Another common error is using 8459, which covers milling or drilling machines; while some gear-making processes involve milling, the specialized nature of gear finishing requires the use of the more specific 8461.40 code. Additionally, machines that finish gears through non-material removal processes (like cold rolling) may fall under 8463.
Top exporters and importers of HS 846140 (the code used for gear finishing machine), 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS 846140 (the code used for gear finishing machine) in UN Comtrade data was Germany, with 55% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was China, with 48% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Figures cover everything classified under HS 846140, not only gear finishing machine.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 Germany $603M 55% of world exports
- 2 Japan $147M 13% of world exports
- 3 Switzerland $127M 12% of world exports
World total: $1.1B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 China $544M 48% of world imports
- 2 India $86M 7.6% of world imports
- 3 Russia* ~$60M 5.3% of world imports · partner records ↗
World total: $1.1B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries marked * did not, so their figures add up what other countries recorded trading with them, and their exports are valued at buyers' CIF prices. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM codes for gear finishing machine
Brazil splits HS 8461.40 into 3 NCM codes. Pick the one that matches your product:
- 8461.40.10CNC gear cutting or finishing machines
- 8461.40.91Gear tooth rounding machines, non-CNC
- 8461.40.99Other non-CNC gear cutting or finishing machines
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text on each NCM page is the official one.
Questions about gear finishing machine
What is the HS code for Gear finishing machine?
The HS code for Gear finishing machine is 846140 (Machine-tools; gear cutting, gear grinding or gear finishing machines, working by removing metal, sintered metal carbides or cermets). The primary HS code for a gear finishing machine that works by removing metal is 8461.40.
How do I classify Gear finishing machine for customs?
Gear finishing machine is classified under HS code 846140 — Machine-tools; gear cutting, gear grinding or gear finishing machines, working by removing metal, sintered metal carbides or cermets. This is a 6-digit subheading level code.
Does this code include machines for both internal and external gears?
Yes, HS code 8461.40 covers machines designed to finish both internal and external gear teeth, provided the process involves metal removal.
Which countries are the top exporters of gear finishing machine (HS 846140)?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS 846140 (the code used for gear finishing machine) in UN Comtrade data were Germany ($603M, 55% of world exports), Japan ($147M) and Switzerland ($127M). World exports came to about $1.1B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of gear finishing machine (HS 846140)?
In 2025, the top importers of HS 846140 (the code used for gear finishing machine) in UN Comtrade data were China ($544M, 48% of world imports), India ($86M) and Russia (about $60M). World imports came to about $1.1B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Is the HS code for Gear finishing machine the same in all countries?
The base HS code 846140 for Gear finishing machine is internationally standardized for the first 6 digits across 200+ countries. Individual countries may add additional digits for national tariff lines and specific classifications.
What is the NCM code for gear finishing machine in Brazil?
Brazil splits HS 846140 into 3 NCM codes, so the right one for gear finishing machine depends on the product's details: 8461.40.10 (CNC gear cutting or finishing machines), 8461.40.91 (Gear tooth rounding machines, non-CNC), 8461.40.99 (Other non-CNC gear cutting or finishing machines).