HS code · 6-digit subheading
HS Code 8439.10 – Machinery; for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material
HS code 8439.10 is the 6-digit subheading for machinery, for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material. It is used for industrial digesters, refiners, debarkers, wood chippers and pulp screens.
What HS 8439.10 covers
This HS code covers heavy industrial machinery specifically designed for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material, which is the foundational step in paper and paperboard production. This equipment processes raw materials like wood chips, recycled paper, or agricultural residues through mechanical, chemical, or semi-chemical methods to extract cellulose fibers. Key processes include debarking, chipping, digesting, refining, washing, and bleaching. These machines are central to pulp mills, which are often large-scale, capital-intensive operations. Major importers are countries with significant paper industries and access to raw materials, such as China, the US, and Brazil. Leading exporters include nations with strong engineering sectors and forest resources, like Finland, Sweden, Germany, and Canada, which develop advanced, energy-efficient pulping technologies. Trade is driven by global demand for paper products and sustainable resource management.
- Covers
- Industrial digesters
- Refiners
- Debarkers
- Wood chippers
- Pulp screens
- Pulp washers
- Bleaching towers
- Dewatering presses
- Deflakers
- Examples
- Valmet pulp mills
- Andritz pulping equipment
- Voith pulping systems
- Kadant stock preparation machines
Codes often confused with 8439.10
Common mistake. This code could be confused with 843920 (paper/paperboard making machinery) if the distinction between pulp production and the subsequent paper sheet formation isn't clear, or 847989 (other specific function machines) if not clearly for pulp. Focus on the 'pulp making' function.
Top exporters and importers of HS code 843910, 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 843910 in UN Comtrade data was China, with 34% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was Brazil, with 46% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 China $100M 34% of world exports
- 2 Sweden $61M 21% of world exports
- 3 India $30M 10% of world exports
World total: $293M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 Brazil $245M 46% of world imports
- 2 Indonesia $41M 7.7% of world imports
- 3 China $38M 7.1% of world imports
World total: $531M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM codes for 8439.10 4
Brazil splits HS 8439.10 into 4 NCM codes, Mercosur's 8-digit tariff lines.
- 8439.10.10 Pulp raw material pre-treatment machineryPara tratamento preliminar das matérias-primas
- 8439.10.20 Pulp screening and cleaning machinesClassificadoras e classificadoras-depuradoras de pasta
- 8439.10.30 Pulp refinersRefinadoras
- 8439.10.90 Other pulp-making machineryOutros
All Brazil NCM codes in heading 84.39 →
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text is official; the English is our translation.
Questions about HS 8439.10
What is HS code 843910?
HS code 843910 is a 6-digit subheading in the Harmonized System that covers: Machinery; for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material. This HS code covers heavy industrial machinery specifically designed for making pulp of fibrous cellulosic material, which is the foundational step in paper and paperboard production. This equipment processes raw materials like wood chips, recycled paper, or agricultural residues through mechanical, chemical, or semi-chemical methods to extract cellulose fibers. Key processes include debarking, chipping, digesting, refining, washing, and bleaching. These machines are central to pulp mills, which are often large-scale, capital-intensive operations. Major importers are countries with significant paper industries and access to raw materials, such as China, the US, and Brazil. Leading exporters include nations with strong engineering sectors and forest resources, like Finland, Sweden, Germany, and Canada, which develop advanced, energy-efficient pulping technologies. Trade is driven by global demand for paper products and sustainable resource management.
What products fall under HS code 843910?
Industrial digesters, refiners, debarkers, wood chippers, pulp screens, pulp washers, bleaching towers, dewatering presses, deflakers
What are common misclassifications for HS code 843910?
This code could be confused with 843920 (paper/paperboard making machinery) if the distinction between pulp production and the subsequent paper sheet formation isn't clear, or 847989 (other specific function machines) if not clearly for pulp. Focus on the 'pulp making' function.
Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 843910?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 843910 in UN Comtrade data were China ($100M, 34% of world exports), Sweden ($61M) and India ($30M). World exports came to about $293M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 843910?
In 2025, the top importers of HS code 843910 in UN Comtrade data were Brazil ($245M, 46% of world imports), Indonesia ($41M) and China ($38M). World imports came to about $531M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
How is HS code 843910 structured?
HS code 843910 is a 6-digit subheading under the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (84) identify the chapter, digits 3-4 (39) identify the heading, and digits 5-6 (10) specify the subheading. This code is standardized globally by the World Customs Organization.
What is the Brazil NCM code for HS code 843910?
Brazil splits HS code 843910 into 4 NCM codes: 8439.10.10 (Pulp raw material pre-treatment machinery), 8439.10.20 (Pulp screening and cleaning machines), 8439.10.30 (Pulp refiners), 8439.10.90 (Other pulp-making machinery). The first 6 digits of each match the HS code.