HS code · 6-digit subheading
HS Code 8430.31 – Coal or rock cutters and tunnelling machinery; self-propelled
HS code 8430.31 is the 6-digit subheading for coal or rock cutters and tunnelling machinery, self-propelled. It is used for tunnel boring machines (TBMs), roadheaders, continuous miners, longwall shearers and boom-type roadheaders.
What HS 8430.31 covers
HS code 843031 covers self-propelled coal or rock cutters and tunnelling machinery, representing highly specialized and complex equipment used in mining and large-scale underground construction projects. These machines are crucial for extracting minerals, creating tunnels for transportation (e.g., subways, highways), and developing underground infrastructure. Importers are typically countries with active mining industries or those undertaking ambitious urban and inter-city tunnelling projects. Exporters are specialized engineering firms and manufacturers in technologically advanced nations. Trade in this category involves significant capital investment, custom-built solutions, and advanced technological integration, reflecting the demanding and high-risk nature of underground operations.
- Covers
- Tunnel boring machines (TBMs)
- Roadheaders
- Continuous miners
- Longwall shearers
- Boom-type roadheaders
- Raise borers
- Self-propelled rock drills
- Examples
- Herrenknecht TBMs
- Sandvik MT720
- Epiroc Boltec S
- Joy Global 12CM30
- Robbins Main Beam TBM
Codes often confused with 8430.31
Common mistake. Can be confused with general boring or sinking machinery (843041) if the specific 'coal or rock cutting' and 'tunnelling' functions are not highlighted, or with non-self-propelled versions (843039).
Top exporters and importers of HS code 843031, 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 843031 in UN Comtrade data was China, with 45% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was Italy, with 11% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 China $793M 45% of world exports
- 2 Finland $352M 20% of world exports
- 3 Sweden $151M 8.6% of world exports
World total: $1.8B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 Italy $152M 11% of world imports
- 2 Canada $131M 9.6% of world imports
- 3 India $103M 7.6% of world imports
World total: $1.4B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM codes for 8430.31 2
Brazil splits HS 8430.31 into 2 NCM codes, Mercosur's 8-digit tariff lines.
- 8430.31.10 Self-propelled coal or rock cuttersCortadores de carvão ou de rocha
- 8430.31.90 Self-propelled tunnelling machineryOutros
All Brazil NCM codes in heading 84.30 →
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text is official; the English is our translation.
Questions about HS 8430.31
What is HS code 843031?
HS code 843031 is a 6-digit subheading in the Harmonized System that covers: Coal or rock cutters and tunnelling machinery; self-propelled. HS code 843031 covers self-propelled coal or rock cutters and tunnelling machinery, representing highly specialized and complex equipment used in mining and large-scale underground construction projects. These machines are crucial for extracting minerals, creating tunnels for transportation (e.g., subways, highways), and developing underground infrastructure. Importers are typically countries with active mining industries or those undertaking ambitious urban and inter-city tunnelling projects. Exporters are specialized engineering firms and manufacturers in technologically advanced nations. Trade in this category involves significant capital investment, custom-built solutions, and advanced technological integration, reflecting the demanding and high-risk nature of underground operations.
What products fall under HS code 843031?
Tunnel boring machines (TBMs), roadheaders, continuous miners, longwall shearers, boom-type roadheaders, raise borers, self-propelled rock drills
What are common misclassifications for HS code 843031?
Can be confused with general boring or sinking machinery (843041) if the specific 'coal or rock cutting' and 'tunnelling' functions are not highlighted, or with non-self-propelled versions (843039).
Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 843031?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 843031 in UN Comtrade data were China ($793M, 45% of world exports), Finland ($352M) and Sweden ($151M). World exports came to about $1.8B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 843031?
In 2025, the top importers of HS code 843031 in UN Comtrade data were Italy ($152M, 11% of world imports), Canada ($131M) and India ($103M). World imports came to about $1.4B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
How is HS code 843031 structured?
HS code 843031 is a 6-digit subheading under the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (84) identify the chapter, digits 3-4 (30) identify the heading, and digits 5-6 (31) specify the subheading. This code is standardized globally by the World Customs Organization.
What is the Brazil NCM code for HS code 843031?
Brazil splits HS code 843031 into 2 NCM codes: 8430.31.10 (Self-propelled coal or rock cutters), 8430.31.90 (Self-propelled tunnelling machinery). The first 6 digits of each match the HS code.