HS code · 6-digit subheading
HS Code 8409.91 – Engines; parts, suitable for use solely or principally with spark-ignition internal combustion piston engines (for other than aircraft)
HS code 8409.91 is the 6-digit subheading for engines, parts, suitable for use solely or principally with spark-ignition internal combustion piston engines (for other than aircraft). It is used for automotive spark plugs, engine pistons, connecting rods, cylinder heads and crankshafts.
What HS 8409.91 covers
This category encompasses parts for spark-ignition internal combustion piston engines, excluding those for aircraft. This is a vast and dynamic sector of international trade, primarily driven by the automotive industry, but also including parts for motorcycles, marine engines, and small general-purpose engines (like those in lawnmowers or generators). Trade volumes are immense, with global supply chains supporting both original equipment manufacturing (OEM) and a robust aftermarket. Importers and exporters range from large multinational automotive suppliers to specialized component manufacturers. Key considerations include material science, manufacturing efficiency, and meeting diverse emissions standards across different markets, making it a highly competitive and innovation-driven field.
- Covers
- Automotive spark plugs
- Engine pistons
- Connecting rods
- Cylinder heads
- Crankshafts
- Engine valves
- Fuel injectors
- Ignition coils
- Oil filters
- Air filters
- Examples
- Bosch spark plugs
- Mahle pistons
- Denso fuel injectors
- NGK ignition coils
- Fram oil filters
Codes often confused with 8409.91
Common mistake. Often confused with 840910 (aircraft engine parts) or 8407 (complete spark-ignition engines), but 840991 is for parts of non-aircraft spark-ignition engines, not the complete engines themselves.
Top exporters and importers of HS code 840991, 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 840991 in UN Comtrade data was China, with 18% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was the United States, with 21% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 China $6.1B 18% of world exports
- 2 Germany $5.2B 15% of world exports
- 3 Mexico $4.1B 12% of world exports
World total: $34.5B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 United States $7.5B 21% of world imports
- 2 Mexico $3.0B 8.5% of world imports
- 3 Germany $2.9B 8.2% of world imports
World total: $35.0B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Brazil NCM codes for 8409.91 12
Brazil splits HS 8409.91 into 12 NCM codes, Mercosur's 8-digit tariff lines.
- 8409.91.1 Connecting rods, cylinder blocks, cylinder heads, crankcases, carburettors, intake or exhaust valves, intake or exhaust manifolds, piston rings and valve guidesBielas, blocos de cilindros, cabeçotes, cárteres, carburadores, válvulas de admissão ou de escape, coletores de admissão ou de escape, anéis de segmento e guias de válvulas Group
- 8409.91.11 Connecting rods for spark-ignition enginesBielas
- 8409.91.12 Spark-ignition engine blocks, heads, crankcasesBlocos de cilindros, cabeçotes e cárteres
- 8409.91.13 Diaphragm carburettors, max 22.8 mm venturi, 280 gCarburadores, com bomba e dispositivo de compensação de nível de combustível incorporados, ambos a membrana, de diâmetro de venturi inferior ou igual a 22,8 mm e peso inferior ou igual a 280 g
- 8409.91.14 Spark-ignition engine intake or exhaust valvesVálvulas de admissão ou de escape
- 8409.91.15 Spark-ignition engine intake/exhaust manifoldsColetores de admissão ou de escape
- 8409.91.16 Piston rings for spark-ignition enginesAnéis de segmento
- 8409.91.17 Valve guides for spark-ignition enginesGuias de válvulas
- 8409.91.18 Other carburettorsOutros carburadores
- 8409.91.20 Pistons for spark-ignition enginesPistões ou êmbolos
- 8409.91.30 Cylinder liners for spark-ignition enginesCamisas de cilindro
- 8409.91.40 Electronic injection for spark-ignition enginesSistema de injeção eletrônica
- 8409.91.90 Other parts for spark-ignition enginesOutras
All Brazil NCM codes in heading 84.09 →
Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text is official; the English is our translation.
Questions about HS 8409.91
What is HS code 840991?
HS code 840991 is a 6-digit subheading in the Harmonized System that covers: Engines; parts, suitable for use solely or principally with spark-ignition internal combustion piston engines (for other than aircraft). This category encompasses parts for spark-ignition internal combustion piston engines, excluding those for aircraft. This is a vast and dynamic sector of international trade, primarily driven by the automotive industry, but also including parts for motorcycles, marine engines, and small general-purpose engines (like those in lawnmowers or generators). Trade volumes are immense, with global supply chains supporting both original equipment manufacturing (OEM) and a robust aftermarket. Importers and exporters range from large multinational automotive suppliers to specialized component manufacturers. Key considerations include material science, manufacturing efficiency, and meeting diverse emissions standards across different markets, making it a highly competitive and innovation-driven field.
What products fall under HS code 840991?
Automotive spark plugs, engine pistons, connecting rods, cylinder heads, crankshafts, engine valves, fuel injectors, ignition coils, oil filters, air filters
What are common misclassifications for HS code 840991?
Often confused with 840910 (aircraft engine parts) or 8407 (complete spark-ignition engines), but 840991 is for parts of non-aircraft spark-ignition engines, not the complete engines themselves.
Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 840991?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 840991 in UN Comtrade data were China ($6.1B, 18% of world exports), Germany ($5.2B) and Mexico ($4.1B). World exports came to about $34.5B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 840991?
In 2025, the top importers of HS code 840991 in UN Comtrade data were the United States ($7.5B, 21% of world imports), Mexico ($3.0B) and Germany ($2.9B). World imports came to about $35.0B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
How is HS code 840991 structured?
HS code 840991 is a 6-digit subheading under the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (84) identify the chapter, digits 3-4 (09) identify the heading, and digits 5-6 (91) specify the subheading. This code is standardized globally by the World Customs Organization.
What is the Brazil NCM code for HS code 840991?
Brazil splits HS code 840991 into 12 NCM codes: 8409.91.11 (Connecting rods for spark-ignition engines), 8409.91.12 (Spark-ignition engine blocks, heads, crankcases), 8409.91.13 (Diaphragm carburettors, max 22.8 mm venturi, 280 g), 8409.91.14 (Spark-ignition engine intake or exhaust valves), 8409.91.15 (Spark-ignition engine intake/exhaust manifolds), 8409.91.16 (Piston rings for spark-ignition engines), 8409.91.17 (Valve guides for spark-ignition engines), 8409.91.18 (Other carburettors), and more listed on this page. The first 6 digits of each match the HS code.