HS code · 6-digit subheading

HS Code 8407.31 – Engines; reciprocating piston engines, of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87, of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 50cc

HS code 8407.31 is the 6-digit subheading for engines, reciprocating piston engines, of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87, of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 50cc. It is used for moped engines, scooter engines (under 50cc), small motorcycle engines, pocket bike engines and ATV engines (small).

What HS 8407.31 covers

This HS code specifically covers small spark-ignition reciprocating piston engines with a cylinder capacity not exceeding 50cc, primarily designed for the propulsion of vehicles classified under Chapter 87. This includes engines for mopeds, scooters, small motorcycles, and some specialized utility vehicles. The international trade in these engines is significant, driven by demand for affordable personal transportation, particularly in developing economies, and for recreational vehicles. Major exporters are often countries with large manufacturing bases for two-wheelers, such as China, India, and Southeast Asian nations. Importers include vehicle assembly plants, parts distributors, and aftermarket suppliers worldwide. Key trade considerations involve engine reliability, fuel efficiency, emissions standards (which are becoming increasingly stringent even for small engines), and cost-effectiveness, as these engines power high-volume, budget-sensitive products.

Covers
  • Moped engines
  • Scooter engines (under 50cc)
  • Small motorcycle engines
  • Pocket bike engines
  • ATV engines (small)
  • Go-kart engines (small)
  • Mini-bike engines
Examples
  • Honda Ruckus engine
  • Piaggio Zip 50 engine
  • Yamaha Jog 50 engine
  • Kymco Agility 50 engine
  • SYM Fiddle II 50 engine

Codes often confused with 8407.31

Common mistake. This code is differentiated from 840732 by its strict 50cc cylinder capacity limit, and from 840790 if the engine is not for vehicle propulsion.

8407.32Engines; reciprocating piston engines, of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87, of a cylinder capacity exceeding 50cc but not exceeding 250cc8407.90Engines; rotary internal combustion piston engines, for other than aircraft or marine propulsion

Top exporters and importers of HS code 840731, 2025

In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 840731 in UN Comtrade data was China, with 55% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was Türkiye, with 39% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports

  1. 1 China $43M
  2. 2 Vietnam* ~$17M
  3. 3 Italy $7.6M

World total: $78M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗

Top importers 2025 · share of world imports

  1. 1 Türkiye $43M
  2. 2 Japan $23M
  3. 3 Vietnam* ~$17M

World total: $111M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗

How these figures are built

109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries marked * did not, so their figures add up what other countries recorded trading with them, and their exports are valued at buyers' CIF prices. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).

Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.

Brazil NCM codes for 8407.31 2

Brazil splits HS 8407.31 into 2 NCM codes, Mercosur's 8-digit tariff lines.

  1. 8407.31.10 Petrol vehicle engines, 1 cyl, max 50 ccMonocilíndricos
  2. 8407.31.90 Other petrol vehicle engines, max 50 ccOutros

All Brazil NCM codes in heading 84.07 →

Source: Siscomex NCM table, updated Oct 2026. The Portuguese text is official; the English is our translation.

Questions about HS 8407.31

What is HS code 840731?

HS code 840731 is a 6-digit subheading in the Harmonized System that covers: Engines; reciprocating piston engines, of a kind used for the propulsion of vehicles of chapter 87, of a cylinder capacity not exceeding 50cc. This HS code specifically covers small spark-ignition reciprocating piston engines with a cylinder capacity not exceeding 50cc, primarily designed for the propulsion of vehicles classified under Chapter 87. This includes engines for mopeds, scooters, small motorcycles, and some specialized utility vehicles. The international trade in these engines is significant, driven by demand for affordable personal transportation, particularly in developing economies, and for recreational vehicles. Major exporters are often countries with large manufacturing bases for two-wheelers, such as China, India, and Southeast Asian nations. Importers include vehicle assembly plants, parts distributors, and aftermarket suppliers worldwide. Key trade considerations involve engine reliability, fuel efficiency, emissions standards (which are becoming increasingly stringent even for small engines), and cost-effectiveness, as these engines power high-volume, budget-sensitive products.

What products fall under HS code 840731?

Moped engines, Scooter engines (under 50cc), Small motorcycle engines, Pocket bike engines, ATV engines (small), Go-kart engines (small), Mini-bike engines

What are common misclassifications for HS code 840731?

This code is differentiated from 840732 by its strict 50cc cylinder capacity limit, and from 840790 if the engine is not for vehicle propulsion.

Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 840731?

In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 840731 in UN Comtrade data were China ($43M, 55% of world exports), Vietnam (about $17M) and Italy ($7.6M). World exports came to about $78M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 840731?

In 2025, the top importers of HS code 840731 in UN Comtrade data were Türkiye ($43M, 39% of world imports), Japan ($23M) and Vietnam (about $17M). World imports came to about $111M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

How is HS code 840731 structured?

HS code 840731 is a 6-digit subheading under the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (84) identify the chapter, digits 3-4 (07) identify the heading, and digits 5-6 (31) specify the subheading. This code is standardized globally by the World Customs Organization.

What is the Brazil NCM code for HS code 840731?

Brazil splits HS code 840731 into 2 NCM codes: 8407.31.10 (Petrol vehicle engines, 1 cyl, max 50 cc), 8407.31.90 (Other petrol vehicle engines, max 50 cc). The first 6 digits of each match the HS code.