HS Code 5205.23 – Cotton yarn; (not sewing thread), single, of combed fibres, 85% or more by weight of cotton, less than 232.56 but not less than 192.31 decitex (exceeding 43 but not exceeding 52 metric number), not for retail sale

HS code 520523 is a 6-digit subheading in the Harmonized System that covers: Cotton yarn; (not sewing thread), single, of combed fibres, 85% or more by weight of cotton, less than 232.56 but not less than 192.31 decitex (exceeding 43 but not exceeding 52 metric number), not for retail sale. This HS code identifies single, combed cotton yarns, not for retail, containing at least 85% cotton, falling within a slightly finer range (exceeding 43 but not exceeding 52 metric number) than 520522. These yarns are highly valued in the textile industry for producing medium-fine fabrics where a smooth, consistent texture and good strength are required. Countries with advanced textile manufacturing capabilities, particularly those specializing in apparel and home textiles, are primary importers. This includes nations like China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Turkey, which transform these yarns into high-quality finished goods. Exporters are typically major cotton-producing and spinning nations such as India, Pakistan, and the USA. The "combed" characteristic ensures a premium quality yarn, free from short fibers and impurities, leading to less pilling and a softer hand-feel in the final product. Its "single" form means it's a foundational component, often plied later or used directly for specific weaving and knitting applications.

Fine shirting yarn, high-quality denim weft yarn, medium-gauge knitwear yarn, bed linen yarn, poplin fabric yarn, sateen fabric yarn, dress material yarn

Distinguishing this from 520522 or 520524 requires careful attention to the precise decitex/metric number range, as all are single, combed yarns. It's also crucial not to confuse it with 520533, which covers multiple/cabled, uncombed yarns of a similar fineness.

In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 520523 in UN Comtrade data were India ($1.0B, 59% of world exports), Türkiye ($170M) and Vietnam (about $168M). World exports came to about $1.7B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Uzbekistan did not report 2025 data, and its estimate from partner records misses its trade with other countries that did not report: in 2024 that was 43% of its exports here ($150M, CEPII BACI), so it may also belong among the top exporters.

In 2025, the top importers of HS code 520523 in UN Comtrade data were Bangladesh (about $543M, 34% of world imports), China ($180M) and Egypt ($100M). World imports came to about $1.6B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

HS code 520523 is a 6-digit subheading under the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (52) identify the chapter, digits 3-4 (05) identify the heading, and digits 5-6 (23) specify the subheading. This code is standardized globally by the World Customs Organization.

Brazil splits HS code 520523 into 2 NCM codes: 5205.23.10 (Raw single combed cotton yarn 85%+, Nm 43–52), 5205.23.90 (Non-raw single combed cotton yarn 85%+, Nm 43–52). The first 6 digits of each match the HS code.