HS code · 4-digit heading

HS Code 41.06 – Tanned or crust hides and skins of other animals, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared

What HS 41.06 covers

Heading 4106 is a residual category covering tanned or crust hides and skins of 'other animals,' specifically those without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared. This classification captures a diverse range of semi-finished leathers from animals other than bovine, equine, sheep, or lambs. Examples include skins from goats, pigs, reptiles (like crocodiles, alligators, snakes), deer, kangaroos, and ostriches, among others. The 'without wool or hair on' and 'not further prepared' conditions are paramount, meaning the skins have been tanned and stabilized but not yet finished with specific dyes, coatings, or textures for end-use manufacturing. This heading is particularly important for the specialty and exotic leather industries. It allows for the international trade of unique leather types at an intermediate stage, often destined for high-value applications in luxury goods, fashion accessories, and specific industrial uses. The variety of animal sources under 4106 reflects the broad scope of the leather industry beyond common livestock. For trade compliance, correctly identifying the animal origin and ensuring the 'not further prepared' status is critical. Misclassification can lead to significant penalties, especially given the often higher value and stricter trade regulations surrounding exotic animal skins (e.g., CITES regulations, which apply even to processed forms). This heading highlights the global sourcing and processing network for a vast array of leather types, all falling under the umbrella of Chapter 41's focus on raw and semi-processed hides and skins.

Covers
  • Crust goatskin
  • Wet blue pigskin
  • Tanned reptile skins (e.g., crocodile, python)
  • Crust deerskin
  • Crust kangaroo leather
  • Crust ostrich leather
  • Split crust goatskin
  • Full grain crust pigskin
  • Vegetable-tanned crust reptilian leather
  • Chrome-tanned crust deerskin
  • Natural crust goatskin
  • Semi-processed kangaroo leather
  • Unfinished ostrich leg leather
  • Crust sharkskin
  • Crust stingray skin
  • Crust peccary skin
  • Crust buffalo (water buffalo, if distinct from bovine)
  • Uncolored crust goatskin
  • Dried crust pigskin
  • Re-tanned crust crocodile skin
  • Parchment-dressed crust goatskin
  • Crust game animal skins
  • Crust fur animal skins (after de-hairing)
  • Crust fish skins
  • Crust bird skins (e.g., emu)
Examples

An Indian tannery exports large volumes of crust goatskin from Chennai to shoe manufacturers in Italy via the Port of Genoa, where it will be finished for high-end footwear uppers. In another instance, a South African producer ships crust ostrich leg leather from Cape Town to luxury goods ateliers in France, destined for exotic watch straps and small leather accessories. A Chinese supplier sends wet blue pigskin from Shanghai to Vietnam, where it is further processed and finished for glove linings and garment trim, leveraging regional trade routes.

Subheadings under 41.06 7

4106.21Tanned or crust hides and skins; of goats or kids, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet-blue)4106.22Tanned or crust hides and skins; of goats or kids, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the dry state (crust)4106.31Tanned or crust hides and skins; of swine, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet-blue)4106.32Tanned or crust hides and skins; of swine, without hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the dry state (crust)4106.40Tanned or crust hides and skins; of reptiles, whether or not split, but not further prepared4106.91Tanned or crust hides and skins; of animals other than equine, ovine, bovine, goats or kids, swine and reptiles, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the wet state (including wet-blue)4106.92Tanned or crust hides and skins; of animals other than equine, ovine, bovine, goats or kids, swine and reptiles, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared, in the dry state (crust)

11 Brazil NCM codes in heading 41.06 →

Codes often confused with 41.06

Common mistake. A frequent error is confusing crust skins of 'other animals' (4106) with raw skins of these animals (4103) or fully finished leather (4113). Raw skins (4103) have not undergone tanning. Finished leather (4113) has been dyed, coated, or otherwise prepared for direct manufacturing, which is excluded by the 'not further prepared' condition of 4106. Traders must be especially careful with exotic skins, as misclassification can also involve CITES compliance issues, not just customs duties. For example, a tanned but undyed crocodile skin should be 4106, not 4113.

41.03Raw hides and skins n.e.c in headings no. 4101, 4102; fresh, salted, dried, pickled or otherwise preserved, not further prepared, whether or not dehaired or split41.13Leather further prepared after tanning or crusting, including parchment-dressed leather, of animals (other than ovine), without wool or hair on, whether or not split, other than leather of heading 41.14

Top exporters and importers of HS code 4106, 2025

In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 4106 in UN Comtrade data was Thailand, with 17% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was Italy, with 34% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports

  1. 1 Thailand $37M
  2. 2 Italy $20M
  3. 3 Singapore $13M

World total: $217M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗

Top importers 2025 · share of world imports

  1. 1 Italy $85M
  2. 2 China $72M
  3. 3 Mexico $12M

World total: $248M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗

How these figures are built

109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).

Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.

Questions about HS 41.06

What is HS code 4106?

HS code 4106 is a 4-digit heading in the Harmonized System that covers: Tanned or crust hides and skins of other animals, without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared. Heading 4106 is a residual category covering tanned or crust hides and skins of 'other animals,' specifically those without wool or hair on, whether or not split, but not further prepared. This classification captures a diverse range of semi-finished leathers from animals other than bovine, equine, sheep, or lambs. Examples include skins from goats, pigs, reptiles (like crocodiles, alligators, snakes), deer, kangaroos, and ostriches, among others. The 'without wool or hair on' and 'not further prepared' conditions are paramount, meaning the skins have been tanned and stabilized but not yet finished with specific dyes, coatings, or textures for end-use manufacturing. This heading is particularly important for the specialty and exotic leather industries. It allows for the international trade of unique leather types at an intermediate stage, often destined for high-value applications in luxury goods, fashion accessories, and specific industrial uses. The variety of animal sources under 4106 reflects the broad scope of the leather industry beyond common livestock. For trade compliance, correctly identifying the animal origin and ensuring the 'not further prepared' status is critical. Misclassification can lead to significant penalties, especially given the often higher value and stricter trade regulations surrounding exotic animal skins (e.g., CITES regulations, which apply even to processed forms). This heading highlights the global sourcing and processing network for a vast array of leather types, all falling under the umbrella of Chapter 41's focus on raw and semi-processed hides and skins.

What products fall under HS code 4106?

Crust goatskin, wet blue pigskin, tanned reptile skins (e.g., crocodile, python), crust deerskin, crust kangaroo leather, crust ostrich leather, split crust goatskin, full grain crust pigskin, vegetable-tanned crust reptilian leather, chrome-tanned crust deerskin, natural crust goatskin, semi-processed kangaroo leather, unfinished ostrich leg leather, crust sharkskin, crust stingray skin, crust peccary skin, crust buffalo (water buffalo, if distinct from bovine), uncolored crust goatskin, dried crust pigskin, re-tanned crust crocodile skin, parchment-dressed crust goatskin, crust game animal skins, crust fur animal skins (after de-hairing), crust fish skins, crust bird skins (e.g., emu)

What are common misclassifications for HS code 4106?

A frequent error is confusing crust skins of 'other animals' (4106) with raw skins of these animals (4103) or fully finished leather (4113). Raw skins (4103) have not undergone tanning. Finished leather (4113) has been dyed, coated, or otherwise prepared for direct manufacturing, which is excluded by the 'not further prepared' condition of 4106. Traders must be especially careful with exotic skins, as misclassification can also involve CITES compliance issues, not just customs duties. For example, a tanned but undyed crocodile skin should be 4106, not 4113.

Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 4106?

In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 4106 in UN Comtrade data were Thailand ($37M, 17% of world exports), Italy ($20M) and Singapore ($13M). World exports came to about $217M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 4106?

In 2025, the top importers of HS code 4106 in UN Comtrade data were Italy ($85M, 34% of world imports), China ($72M) and Mexico ($12M). World imports came to about $248M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

How is HS code 4106 structured?

HS code 4106 is a 4-digit heading under Chapter 41 of the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (41) identify the chapter, and digits 3-4 (06) specify the heading. This code contains multiple 6-digit subheadings for precise product classification.