HS code · 4-digit heading
HS Code 10.02 – Rye
What HS 10.02 covers
Heading 1002 of the Harmonized System specifically covers 'Rye,' a cereal grain known for its hardiness and distinctive flavor. This classification includes rye in its raw grain form, whether in the ear (unthreshed) or threshed. Rye is primarily used for baking dark breads, distilling alcoholic beverages like whiskey and vodka, and as animal feed. Its resilience to cold climates makes it an important crop in northern regions. The scope of this heading is strictly limited to the unprocessed grain, ensuring a clear distinction from rye flour (heading 1102) or prepared rye products. Proper classification under 1002 is essential for trade compliance, affecting tariff rates, import/export regulations, and agricultural subsidies. It helps differentiate rye from other cereals that might appear similar, such as wheat or barley, which have distinct uses and market values. Historically, rye has been a staple in Eastern and Northern European diets. As a member of Chapter 10, 'Cereals,' heading 1002 reinforces the classification of unprocessed grains, maintaining the systematic structure of the HS that separates raw agricultural commodities from their processed derivatives for accurate international trade reporting and policy-making.
- Covers
- Whole rye grain
- Threshed rye
- Rye in the ear
- Feed rye
- Milling rye
- Organic rye
- Winter rye
- Spring rye
- Rye for distilling
- Rye for bread making
- Rye for livestock
- Bulk rye
- Bagged rye
- High-protein rye
- Low-protein rye
- Seed rye
- Rye for cover cropping
- Rye for bioenergy
- Traditional rye varieties
- Modern rye hybrids
- Rye for malt production
- Rye for fermentation
- Examples
A Polish agricultural cooperative exports bulk quantities of rye grain to Germany, typically transported by rail or truck, where it is used in traditional dark bread baking. Concurrently, a Canadian distillery ships specialty rye grain to a whiskey producer in the United States, often via cross-border truck freight, for single-malt rye whiskey production. Additionally, Russian farmers frequently export feed rye to Scandinavian countries, utilizing Baltic Sea shipping routes, to supplement livestock diets during winter months.
Subheadings under 10.02 2
Codes often confused with 10.02
Common mistake. A common error in classifying under HS 1002 is confusing rye with other cereals, particularly wheat (1001) or barley (1003), due to their similar appearance as raw grains. Accurate identification requires careful inspection of grain characteristics. Another frequent mistake is classifying rye flour under 1002; however, all flours, including rye flour, belong to heading 1102 (Cereal flours other than of wheat or meslin). Traders might also incorrectly classify rye malt under 1002 instead of 1107 (Malt, whether or not roasted), which covers germinated and dried cereals. The distinction lies in the processing level: 1002 is for raw grain only.
Top exporters and importers of HS code 1002, 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 1002 in UN Comtrade data was Poland, with 35% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was Germany, with 29% of world imports. Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 Poland $103M 35% of world exports
- 2 Germany $67M 23% of world exports
- 3 Canada $43M 15% of world exports
World total: $292M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 Germany $88M 29% of world imports
- 2 United States $50M 16% of world imports
- 3 Spain $37M 12% of world imports
World total: $304M Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Questions about HS 10.02
What is HS code 1002?
HS code 1002 is a 4-digit heading in the Harmonized System that covers: Rye. Heading 1002 of the Harmonized System specifically covers 'Rye,' a cereal grain known for its hardiness and distinctive flavor. This classification includes rye in its raw grain form, whether in the ear (unthreshed) or threshed. Rye is primarily used for baking dark breads, distilling alcoholic beverages like whiskey and vodka, and as animal feed. Its resilience to cold climates makes it an important crop in northern regions. The scope of this heading is strictly limited to the unprocessed grain, ensuring a clear distinction from rye flour (heading 1102) or prepared rye products. Proper classification under 1002 is essential for trade compliance, affecting tariff rates, import/export regulations, and agricultural subsidies. It helps differentiate rye from other cereals that might appear similar, such as wheat or barley, which have distinct uses and market values. Historically, rye has been a staple in Eastern and Northern European diets. As a member of Chapter 10, 'Cereals,' heading 1002 reinforces the classification of unprocessed grains, maintaining the systematic structure of the HS that separates raw agricultural commodities from their processed derivatives for accurate international trade reporting and policy-making.
What products fall under HS code 1002?
Whole rye grain, threshed rye, rye in the ear, feed rye, milling rye, organic rye, winter rye, spring rye, rye for distilling, rye for bread making, rye for livestock, bulk rye, bagged rye, high-protein rye, low-protein rye, seed rye, rye for cover cropping, rye for bioenergy, traditional rye varieties, modern rye hybrids, rye for malt production, rye for fermentation
What are common misclassifications for HS code 1002?
A common error in classifying under HS 1002 is confusing rye with other cereals, particularly wheat (1001) or barley (1003), due to their similar appearance as raw grains. Accurate identification requires careful inspection of grain characteristics. Another frequent mistake is classifying rye flour under 1002; however, all flours, including rye flour, belong to heading 1102 (Cereal flours other than of wheat or meslin). Traders might also incorrectly classify rye malt under 1002 instead of 1107 (Malt, whether or not roasted), which covers germinated and dried cereals. The distinction lies in the processing level: 1002 is for raw grain only.
Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 1002?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 1002 in UN Comtrade data were Poland ($103M, 35% of world exports), Germany ($67M) and Canada ($43M). World exports came to about $292M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 1002?
In 2025, the top importers of HS code 1002 in UN Comtrade data were Germany ($88M, 29% of world imports), the United States ($50M) and Spain ($37M). World imports came to about $304M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.
How is HS code 1002 structured?
HS code 1002 is a 4-digit heading under Chapter 10 of the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (10) identify the chapter, and digits 3-4 (02) specify the heading. This code contains multiple 6-digit subheadings for precise product classification.