HS Code for Groundwood pulp

Groundwood pulp is classified under HS code 470100 because it represents the primary mechanical process of converting wood into pulp for papermaking. This classification is governed by the General Rules for the Interpretation of the Harmonized System (GRI), specifically focusing on the method of production. Unlike chemical pulps, groundwood pulp is produced by physically grinding logs against a rotating abrasive stone or by refining wood chips between discs. This mechanical process retains most of the lignin and hemicellulose found in the original wood, which distinguishes it from chemical pulps where these components are largely removed to increase strength and brightness. The classification 470100 is specific to mechanical wood pulp that has not been chemically treated beyond what is necessary for the mechanical process or for minor bleaching. It is essential for customs purposes to distinguish this from semi-chemical wood pulp, which involves a combination of chemical and mechanical processing. The high yield and opacity of groundwood pulp make it ideal for newsprint and catalog paper, and its classification reflects its raw, mechanically processed state.

Products Included

• Stone groundwood pulp (SGW)
• Refiner mechanical pulp (RMP)
• Thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP)
• Chemi-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP)
• Bleached mechanical wood pulp

Common Misclassification

Groundwood pulp is frequently confused with chemical wood pulp classified under headings 4703 (Sulphate/Kraft pulp) or 4704 (Sulphite pulp). The primary difference lies in the removal of lignin; chemical pulps have significantly lower lignin content. Additionally, it may be misclassified under 4702.00, which is reserved for chemical wood pulp of dissolving grades. Importers must ensure that the pulp has not undergone the extensive chemical cooking processes that would move it out of the 470100 category.

FAQ

What is the HS code for groundwood pulp?

The HS code for groundwood pulp is 470100, which specifically covers mechanical wood pulp.

Is thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP) classified differently?

No, thermo-mechanical pulp is considered a form of mechanical pulp and is classified under HS code 470100, as the primary fiber separation is achieved through mechanical refining, even if heat is applied.