HS Code 91.10 – Watch or clock movements, complete, unassembled or partly assembled (movement sets); incomplete watch or clock movements, assembled; rough watch or clock movements

HS code 9110 is a 4-digit heading in the Harmonized System that covers: Watch or clock movements, complete, unassembled or partly assembled (movement sets); incomplete watch or clock movements, assembled; rough watch or clock movements. HS Code 9110 is a critical classification for 'Watch or clock movements, complete, unassembled or partly assembled (movement sets); incomplete watch or clock movements, assembled; rough watch or clock movements.' This comprehensive heading caters to movements at various stages of production, offering flexibility for the intricate global supply chain of timepieces. It encompasses 'movement sets' which are complete but unassembled, allowing for final assembly in different locations. It also covers 'partly assembled' movements, which are partially put together but not yet fully functional. Furthermore, 'incomplete watch or clock movements, assembled' refers to mechanisms that are put together but lack certain essential components. Most notably, 'rough watch or clock movements,' also known as 'ebauches' in the watchmaking industry, fall here. These are basic, unfinished mechanisms that require significant further machining, finishing, and assembly to become functional. This heading is crucial for trade compliance as it distinguishes these component stages from fully assembled movements (9109) or finished watches/clocks (9101, 9102, 9103, 9105). Its significance lies in facilitating the specialized production and tiered manufacturing processes common in the horological sector, where different countries contribute at various stages of movement creation. As part of Chapter 91, which covers 'Clocks and Watches and Parts Thereof,' 9110 enables the precise classification of fundamental horological components before they reach their final, operational state, reflecting the industry's complex division of labor.

Watch movement kits, clock movement kits, unassembled mechanical watch movements, partly assembled quartz clock movements, rough watch ebauches, incomplete assembled watch movements, rough clock movements, watch movement blanks, mainsprings (as part of a set), gear trains (as part of a set), balance wheels (as part of a set), escapements (as part of a set), movement plates, bridges, jewels for movements (as part of a set), hands for movements (as part of a set), dials for movements (as part of a set), quartz resonators (as part of a set), integrated circuits for movements (as part of a set), stepping motors for movements (as part of a set), rough automatic watch movements, rough manual wind watch movements, movement spacers (as part of a set), winding stems (as part of a set).

A common pitfall is misclassifying individual parts of movements (e.g., specific gears, springs) under 9110, when they might belong to more specific subheadings for parts of movements or even other chapters if not clearly identifiable as part of a 'movement set.' Conversely, complete and assembled movements might be incorrectly placed here instead of 9109. Another error is classifying electronic modules (e.g., display drivers) that merely indicate time but aren't true 'movements' under this heading, potentially leading to confusion with Chapter 85 electronics. The key is to assess the level of assembly, completeness, and whether it's a 'movement' or just a component.

In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 9110 in UN Comtrade data were Singapore ($84M, 35% of world exports), Malaysia ($40M) and Hong Kong ($29M). World exports came to about $241M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

In 2025, the top importers of HS code 9110 in UN Comtrade data were Hong Kong ($140M, 42% of world imports), Singapore ($85M) and Japan ($21M). World imports came to about $335M, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). Countries that did not report 2025 data are estimated from partner records, which can understate them.

HS code 9110 is a 4-digit heading under Chapter 91 of the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (91) identify the chapter, and digits 3-4 (10) specify the heading. This code contains multiple 6-digit subheadings for precise product classification.