HS code · 4-digit heading
HS Code 27.10 – Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not crude; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; these being the basic constituents of the preparations; waste oils
What HS 27.10 covers
HS Code 2710 is a comprehensive and highly significant classification for 'Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not crude; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; these being the basic constituents of the preparations; waste oils.' This heading, residing in Section V (Mineral Products) and Chapter 27, covers virtually all refined petroleum products and their derivatives, encompassing an immense array of fuels, lubricants, solvents, and chemical feedstocks. The defining characteristic is that these oils are 'not crude,' distinguishing them from 2709. It also includes complex preparations where petroleum oils constitute 70% or more by weight and are the basic constituents, allowing for the inclusion of many blended products. Furthermore, it explicitly covers 'waste oils,' signifying its broad scope. Key sub-categories often defined by specific properties like flash point, viscosity, or octane rating include gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, lubricating oils, petroleum jelly, paraffin wax, and bitumen. Accurate classification is critical due to varying duties, taxes (e.g., fuel taxes, environmental levies), safety regulations for flammable materials, and specific trade policies for energy products. This heading represents the processed output of crude oil, fueling global transportation, power generation, and countless industrial processes, making it central to modern economies and trade compliance efforts. Its relationship to Chapter 27 underscores its role as a mineral oil product, transformed for diverse applications.
- Covers
- Gasoline (petrol)
- Diesel fuel (gas oil)
- Kerosene
- Jet fuel (aviation turbine fuel)
- Fuel oil (heavy fuel oil)
- Lubricating oils (e.g., motor oil, engine oil)
- Hydraulic fluids (petroleum-based)
- Transmission fluids (petroleum-based)
- Transformer oils
- White spirit
- Petroleum naphtha
- Paraffinic oils
- Aromatic oils
- Base oils (Group I, II, III)
- Petroleum solvents
- Petroleum coke (calcined, uncalcined)
- Bitumen (asphalt)
- Petroleum jelly
- Paraffin wax
- Slack wax
- Used engine oil
- Used hydraulic oil
- Waste industrial lubricants
- Bunker fuel
- Marine diesel oil
- Heating oil.
- Examples
A U.S. refinery frequently exports millions of gallons of gasoline, classified under 2710, to Mexico via tanker trucks and pipelines, catering to the country's automotive fuel demand. In another scenario, a European aviation company sources jet fuel from Middle Eastern suppliers, like the UAE, transporting it via specialized tankers to major European airports for airline operations. A Japanese automotive manufacturer imports high-performance lubricating oils from Germany, shipped in containers, for use in its advanced engine production. Furthermore, a Chinese construction firm imports large quantities of bitumen from Singapore for road paving projects across its expanding infrastructure network, often in bulk vessels. Lastly, a recycling facility in India imports waste engine oil from various Gulf Cooperation Council countries for re-refining into base oils, adhering to strict environmental regulations.
Subheadings under 27.10 5
Codes often confused with 27.10
Common mistake. Misclassification under 2710 is frequent due to its broad scope. A common error is confusing refined products with crude petroleum (2709), which is strictly unprocessed. Another pitfall is misclassifying lubricating preparations containing less than 70% petroleum oils as 2710; these typically fall under 3403 (lubricating preparations) if the petroleum content is below the threshold or not the basic constituent. Similarly, pure chemical compounds (e.g., specific hydrocarbons) might be incorrectly placed here instead of Chapter 29. Additives or anti-knock preparations (3811) are also sometimes confused with the base fuels of 2710. The 70% rule and the 'basic constituents' clause are critical for correct classification of preparations.
Top exporters and importers of HS code 2710, 2025
In 2025, the largest exporter of HS code 2710 in UN Comtrade data was the United States, with 13% of world exports; the largest importer in UN Comtrade data was the United States, with 6.3% of world imports. The Netherlands reports $16.9B of its chapter 27 exports without product detail (confidential), so its figure here may be too low and it may rank higher. The Netherlands reports $17.6B of its chapter 27 imports without product detail (confidential), so it may also belong among the top importers.
Top exporters 2025 · share of world exports
- 1 United States $109.5B 13% of world exports
- 2 India $55.7B 6.6% of world exports
- 3 Netherlands $54.7B 6.5% of world exports
The Netherlands reports $16.9B of its chapter 27 exports without product detail (confidential), so its figure here may be too low and it may rank higher.
World total: $842.5B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
Top importers 2025 · share of world imports
- 1 United States $49.0B 6.3% of world imports
- 2 Singapore $44.6B 5.8% of world imports
- 3 Australia $29.7B 3.8% of world imports
The Netherlands reports $17.6B of its chapter 27 imports without product detail (confidential), so it may also belong among the top importers.
World total: $775.9B Reported figures on UN Comtrade ↗
How these figures are built
109 countries reported 2025 trade to UN Comtrade in HS 2022, and their own totals are used. Countries that did not report are estimated from what other countries recorded trading with them. Those estimates miss trade with other non-reporting countries, so they can be low, and a non-reporting country can rank higher than shown or be missing from the list. World totals add both and leave out trade between two non-reporting countries. Figures are in current US dollars; reported imports are mostly valued CIF and exports FOB, and exports include re-exports. The UN Comtrade links show the underlying records; they can also list a few reporters left out here (regional groups and older HS editions).
Source: UN Comtrade (United Nations Statistics Division), 2025 annual data.
Questions about HS 27.10
What is HS code 2710?
HS code 2710 is a 4-digit heading in the Harmonized System that covers: Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not crude; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; these being the basic constituents of the preparations; waste oils. HS Code 2710 is a comprehensive and highly significant classification for 'Petroleum oils and oils from bituminous minerals, not crude; preparations n.e.c, containing by weight 70% or more of petroleum oils or oils from bituminous minerals; these being the basic constituents of the preparations; waste oils.' This heading, residing in Section V (Mineral Products) and Chapter 27, covers virtually all refined petroleum products and their derivatives, encompassing an immense array of fuels, lubricants, solvents, and chemical feedstocks. The defining characteristic is that these oils are 'not crude,' distinguishing them from 2709. It also includes complex preparations where petroleum oils constitute 70% or more by weight and are the basic constituents, allowing for the inclusion of many blended products. Furthermore, it explicitly covers 'waste oils,' signifying its broad scope. Key sub-categories often defined by specific properties like flash point, viscosity, or octane rating include gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, lubricating oils, petroleum jelly, paraffin wax, and bitumen. Accurate classification is critical due to varying duties, taxes (e.g., fuel taxes, environmental levies), safety regulations for flammable materials, and specific trade policies for energy products. This heading represents the processed output of crude oil, fueling global transportation, power generation, and countless industrial processes, making it central to modern economies and trade compliance efforts. Its relationship to Chapter 27 underscores its role as a mineral oil product, transformed for diverse applications.
What products fall under HS code 2710?
Gasoline (petrol), Diesel fuel (gas oil), Kerosene, Jet fuel (aviation turbine fuel), Fuel oil (heavy fuel oil), Lubricating oils (e.g., motor oil, engine oil), Hydraulic fluids (petroleum-based), Transmission fluids (petroleum-based), Transformer oils, White spirit, Petroleum naphtha, Paraffinic oils, Aromatic oils, Base oils (Group I, II, III), Petroleum solvents, Petroleum coke (calcined, uncalcined), Bitumen (asphalt), Petroleum jelly, Paraffin wax, Slack wax, Used engine oil, Used hydraulic oil, Waste industrial lubricants, Bunker fuel, Marine diesel oil, Heating oil.
What are common misclassifications for HS code 2710?
Misclassification under 2710 is frequent due to its broad scope. A common error is confusing refined products with crude petroleum (2709), which is strictly unprocessed. Another pitfall is misclassifying lubricating preparations containing less than 70% petroleum oils as 2710; these typically fall under 3403 (lubricating preparations) if the petroleum content is below the threshold or not the basic constituent. Similarly, pure chemical compounds (e.g., specific hydrocarbons) might be incorrectly placed here instead of Chapter 29. Additives or anti-knock preparations (3811) are also sometimes confused with the base fuels of 2710. The 70% rule and the 'basic constituents' clause are critical for correct classification of preparations.
Which countries are the top exporters of goods under HS code 2710?
In 2025, the top exporters of HS code 2710 in UN Comtrade data were the United States ($109.5B, 13% of world exports), India ($55.7B) and the Netherlands ($54.7B). World exports came to about $842.5B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). The Netherlands reports $16.9B of its chapter 27 exports without product detail (confidential), so its figure here may be too low and it may rank higher.
Which countries are the top importers of goods under HS code 2710?
In 2025, the top importers of HS code 2710 in UN Comtrade data were the United States ($49.0B, 6.3% of world imports), Singapore ($44.6B) and Australia ($29.7B). World imports came to about $775.9B, adding countries' reported figures and partner-based estimates for those that did not report (UN Comtrade data). The Netherlands reports $17.6B of its chapter 27 imports without product detail (confidential), so it may also belong among the top importers.
How is HS code 2710 structured?
HS code 2710 is a 4-digit heading under Chapter 27 of the Harmonized System. The first 2 digits (27) identify the chapter, and digits 3-4 (10) specify the heading. This code contains multiple 6-digit subheadings for precise product classification.